北方冬麦区小麦品种产量相关性状和幼穗分化特点研究  

Characterization of Yield Related Traits and Inflorescence Differentiation in Representative Wheat Cultivars from the Northern China Winter Wheat Region

作　　者：买春艳 李洪杰[2] 刘宏伟[2] 杨丽[2] 于立强 周阳[2] 张宏军[2] MAI Chunyan;LI Hongjie;LIU Hongwei;YANG Li;YU Liqiang;ZHOU Yang;ZHANG Hongjun(Xinxiang Innovation Center for Breeding Technology of Dwarf-Male-Sterile Wheat,Xinxiang,Henan 453731,China;Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Zhaoxian Experiment Station,Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Zhaoxian,Hebei 051530,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡矮败小麦育种技术创新中心,河南新乡453731 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程,北京100081 [3]石家庄市农林科学研究院赵县试验基地,河北赵县051530

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2018年第7期773-781,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101000;2016YFD0101600;2016YFD0101004;2016YFD0100102);国家自然科学基金项目(31771881;31401468)

摘　　要：为了解北方冬麦区小麦产量相关性状和幼穗分化特点,对该麦区10个代表性小麦品种的产量相关性状和幼穗分化进程进行了研究。结果表明,8个产量相关性状在10个品种间存在不同程度的差异;产量与穗数、穗粒数和千粒重间相关系数分别为0.28、0.45和0.08。不同生态区小麦品种间产量潜力差异较小,高产品种(>9 000kg·hm-2)的成穗数均为中等偏多型。品种间幼穗分化进程有明显差异,北部冬麦区和黄淮冬麦区北片品种一般表现为前期发育慢,后期发育快,个别品种的各个时期发育均慢;黄淮冬麦区南片多数品种则表现为各个时期发育都较快,个别品种前期快,中期慢,后期快。对春化和光周期基因不同等位变异检测发现,除了Vrn-D1,10个供试品种在其他已知春化基因和光周期基因座Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1、Vrn-B3和Ppd-D1上含有相同的等位变异。In order to elucidate the characteristics of yield related traits and the differences in inflorescence differentiation stages of different wheat ecological zones in the Northern China Winter Wheat Region(NCWWR),ten representative wheat cultivars collected from this region were used in this study.The results showed that there were obvious differences among ten cultivars for eight yield related traits.Correlation coefficients between yield and yield components(spikes number,kernel number per spike and thousand kernel weight)were 0.28,0.45 and 0.08,respectively.The cultivars from different ecological zones had similarly high-yielding potential,and the high-yielding wheat cultivars(>9 000 kg·hm-2)shared the common characteristics of middle or high spike number.The process of panicle differentiation was obviously different among the wheat cultivars examined.For the cultivars from the Northern Winter Wheat Zone and the northern part of the Yellow Huai River Valleys Winter Wheat Zone(YHWZ),the speed of development was slow at the early stages and fast at the late stages,and some cultivars developed slowly at all stages.In contrast,most cultivars from the southern part of the YHWZ developed fast at all stages,and some cultivars developed fast at the early stage,but slow at the middle stage and then fast at the late stages.The ten cultivars possessed the same alleles at the vernalization and photoperiod loci Vrn-A1,Vrn-B1,Vrn-B3 and Ppd-D1,except for the Vrn-D1 locus.This study provides the important information for wheat high-yielding breeding in the NCWWR.

关 键 词：小麦 北方冬麦区 产量性状 穗分化 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330