EMS诱导的盛农1号小麦突变体筛选与鉴定  

Selection and Identification of the EMS-Induced Wheat Mutants from Shengnong 1

作　　者：孙玉龙 朱欣欣[1] 何瑞士 李俊畅 安俊航 焦志鑫 姜玉梅[1] 李巧云[1] 牛吉山[1] SUN Yulong;ZHU Xinxin;HE Ruishi;LI Junchang;AN Junhang;JIAO Zhixin;JIANG Yumei;LI Qiaoyun;NIU Jishan(National Engineering Research Center for Wheat,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学/国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2018年第7期782-790,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30601235);河南省2016年度农业重大专项(161100110400)

摘　　要：突变体诱导是创造小麦遗传材料和选育新品种的重要途径之一。通过甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理高产、抗白粉病品系盛农1号,从4 500个M2代穗系中筛选出174个突变体穗系,突变率为3.86%。其中,穗部突变体32个,突变率为0.71%;叶部突变体47个,突变率为0.89%;茎部突变体22个,突变率为0.49%;育性和成熟期突变体12个,突变率为0.27%;其他类型突变体11个,突变率为0.24%;农艺性状优于对照盛农1号的突变体57个,突变率为1.27%。经过M3代验证及生物学性状和农艺性状调查,获得可稳定遗传的株系18个,其中,穗部突变体6个,茎秆突变体1个,叶部突变体6个,早熟突变体3个,晚熟突变体2个。农艺性状分析表明,穗部突变体SS4、SS5、SS6和SS16的小穗性状优于盛农1号。这些新突变体为小麦品种改良和遗传研究提供了新的材料。Mutant induction is one of the important approaches to generate new germplasms for wheat genetic study and breeding.A powdery mildew resistant wheat line Shengnong 1 was treated with ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS),and 174 mutated spike lines were screened out from 4 500 spike lines at M 2 generation,with a mutation frequency of 3.86%.Of them,32 lines were spike mutants,with a mutation frequency of 0.71%,47 lines were leaf mutants,with a mutation frequency of 0.89%;22 lines were stem mutants,with a mutation frequency of 0.49%;12 lines were mutants of fecundity and maturation traits,with a mutation frequency of 0.27%;11 lines were the other kinds of mutants,with a mutation frequency of 0.24%,and 57 mutants had better agronomic traits than Shengnong 1,with a mutation frequency of 1.27%.In total,18 stably inherited lines were obtained by detailed agronomic trait investigation at M 3 generation.Among them,there were six homozygous spike mutants with good agronomic traits,one stem mutant,six leaf mutants,three early-maturing mutants,and two late-maturing mutants.The analysis of agronomic traits showed that the spikelet traits of spike mutants SS4,SS5,SS6 and SS16 were better than that of Shengnong 1.In this study,a set of new mutants were obtained which could be applied for variety improvement and genetic research.

关 键 词：小麦 EMS 突变体 筛选 鉴定 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330