3种先进新能源电池的足迹家族分析  

The Footprint Family Analysis of Three Advanced New Energy Batteries

作　　者：胡建星 郁亚娟[1] 黄凯[2] 吴昊慧 HU Jianxing;YU Yajuan;HUANG Kai;WU Haohui(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料学院,北京100081 [2]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2018年第7期83-87,共5页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51474033;41301636)

摘　　要：钠离子电池、多晶硅太阳能电池和锂空气电池均为近年来比较热门的新能源储能电池,为综合比较它们的环境污染性,选用足迹家族中的碳足迹、水足迹和生态足迹为评价指标,确定功能单位为1 k Wh,采用生命周期评价法(LCA),借助环境评价软件Simapro进行足迹值计算。钠离子电池的碳足迹、水足迹和生态足迹分别为954.07 kg CO_2eq,1 160.10 m^3,2 343.64 m^2a;多晶硅太阳能电池的足迹值最高,分别为1 027.42 kg CO_2eq,18 981.87 m^3和2 990.88 m^2a;锂空气电池碳足迹、水足迹和生态足迹依次为10.15kg CO_2eq,21.15 m^3和29.83 m^2a。结果表明,多晶硅太阳能电池在制备过程中产生大量污染;钠离子电池的污染低于多晶硅太阳能电池;锂空气电池的环境污染最小,其足迹值与前两者具有数量级的差异。For a comprehensive comparison of the environmental pollution of sodium-ion batteries,polycrystal silicon solar cells and lithium-air batteries,the carbon footprint,water footprint and ecological footprint of the footprint family are selected as the evaluation indexes,and the functional unit is defined as 1 kWh.Based on the Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)method,Simapro,the professional environmental evaluation software,is used to conduct footprint value calculation.The carbon footprint,water footprint and ecological footprint of the sodium-ion batteries are 954.07 kg CO2eq,1 160.10 m^3 and 2 343.64 m^2a respectively;The footprint value of polycrystal silicon solar cells are the highest,at 1 027.42 kg CO2eq,18 981.87 m^3 and 2 990.88 m^2a,respectively;The carbon footprint,water footprint and ecological footprint of the lithium-ion batteries are 10.15 kg CO2eq,21.15 m^3 and 29.83 m^2a respectively.The results show that polycrystal silicon solar cells produce a large amount of pollution in the preparation process.The pollution of sodium-ion batteries is lower than that of polycrystal silicon solar cells.The environmental pollution of lithium-air batteries is the smallest,and its footprint value is differed with the former two by orders of magnitude.

关 键 词：足迹家族 钠离子电池 锂空气电池 多晶硅太阳能电池 环境污染 

分 类 号：TM91[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]