魔灯镜影:18-20世纪中国早期幻灯的放映、制作与传播  

Mirror Images through Magic Lanterns: the Presentation,Production and Circulation of the Early Model of Projector in 18^(th)-20^(th) Century China

作　　者：孙青[1] Sun Qing

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系、中外现代化进程研究中心

出　　处：《近代史研究》2018年第4期65-83,160,161,共20页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中日甲午战争早期历史叙事在全球的形成与流传研究(1894-1927)”(17BZS137)的中期成果

摘　　要：17世纪中期,欧洲人发明了一种早期幻灯机,由来华耶稣会传教士和商人带入中国。到19世纪后,幻灯作为新教传教士"科学传教"的重要工具,遍及中国内地,幻灯演讲和幻灯片也成为表达近代知识的重要载体。在17—19世纪全球知识环流的背景下,这种"西器"在指称、制造、应用、流通等方面都与中国本土旧有资源发生了复杂的互动。来自英国的近代教育技术和程式也因此成为中国内地教会演讲、口岸城市社会公共讲座、学堂科学教学的流行模式。在这个过程中,中国知识精英聚集的具体形式和发言角色也发生了转变,从闭门结社转向对社会公众开放的"影灯演讲",并对"士"向"知识分子"的转变发生了深远的影响。In the mid-seventeenth century,an early model of projector was invented in Europe and it was brought into China by Jesuit missionaries and foreign merchants.During and after the nineteenth century,this western technology came to be an important tool for Protestant missionaries to“preach scientifically”all over China,so that slide shows and presentations became significant media to spread modern knowledge.Against the backdrop of the global circulation of knowledge in the 17 th-19 th century,this western technology had complicated interaction with the traditional resources in China in terms of nomenclature,manufacture,usage,circulation,and so on.The modern pedagogy technique and protocol based on slide shows imported from Britain thus became popular in preaches at churches in inland China,public lectures in treaty ports,science classes in schools.In this process,the ways in which Chinese intellectual elites spent time together and the roles they played in public expression also changed accordingly,from gatherings in private to“lantern show”lectures in public.Moreover,it also had profound impact on their transformation from scholar-officials to intelligentsia.

关 键 词：幻灯 影灯演讲 西器 科学传教 近代教育 知识生产 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]