基于SEM分析的6种松属树种花粉特征及亲缘关系研究  

Scanning electron microscopy study of pollen morphology and taxonomic relationships of six Pinustaxa

作　　者：解庆[1] 段君怿 刘志红[1] Xie Qing;Duan Junyi;Liu Zhihong(College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第8期8-14,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西农业大学引进人才科研启动基金项目资助(2015YJ15)

摘　　要：[目的]为了探讨油松及2个变种黑皮油松和扫帚油松之间的亲缘关系。[方法]利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对油松、黑皮油松、扫帚油松、白皮松、华山松和樟子松6个松属树种的花粉大小、形态和表面纹饰进行观察分析,并用SPSS20.0对各树种之间的亲缘关系进行聚类分析。[结果]6个松属树种的花粉大小范围为44.00~53.53μm,均属于双气囊"松型"花粉;赤道面观,体与气囊过渡处多褶皱;远极面观,气囊表面较光滑,具穿孔;近极面观,体表面纹饰在各树种间差异较大。[结论]聚类分析显示:油松与黑皮油松、扫帚油松亲缘关系较近,黑皮油松、扫帚油松作为油松的种下分类单元是合理的,并界定黑皮油松为油松的变种,扫帚油松为油松的变型,扫帚油松的拉丁名为P.tabulaeformis f.umbraculifera。[Objective]The purpose of the study was to investigate the species relationships among Pinus.tabulaeformis,P.tabulaeformis var.mukdensis,and P.tabulaeformis var.umbraculifera.[Methods]Pollen morphology of 6 pinus species,including P.tabulaeformis,P.tabulaeformis var.mukdensis,P.tabulaeformis var.umbraculifera,P.bungeana,P.sylvestris var.mongholica,and P.armandi,were observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM)to determine the size,shape,and structure of pollen grains from each species.A cluster analysis was carried out to explore the relationships among different species with SPSS20.0.[Results]The results showed that the range of pollen grain size for all species was between 44.00μm and 53.53μm with bisaccate shape.In equatorial view,Saccus/cappa attachment was sharp,and marginal frill was absent in some cases.Saccus surface was smooth and microperforated in its"apical"area and the perforations were connected by furrows in proximal view.In distal view,significant differences of corpus exine ornamentation were observed among all 6 species,which played the most important role to distinguish different species.[Conclusion]The results of cluster analysis indicated that the relationship between P.tabulaeformis var.mukdensis and P.tabulaeformis was closer than that between P.tabulaeformisand P.bungeana.The status of P.tabulaeformis var.umbraculifera was the same as P.tabulaeformis var.mukdensis.The idea that P.tabulaeformis var.mukdensis,and P.tabulaeformis var.umbraculifera were regarded as the same species as P.tabulaeformis was reasonable.P.tabulaeformis var.mukdensis was identified as the different varietas and P.tabulaeformis var.umbraculifera was identified as a variation of P.tabulaeformis.Therefore,P.tabulaeformis var.umbraculifera was suggested to be revised as P.tabulaeformis f.umbraculifera.

关 键 词：松属 花粉形态 聚类分析 亲缘关系 扫描电子显微镜 

分 类 号：S791.21[农业科学—林木遗传育种]