温室番茄对温度与二氧化碳耦合的响应  

Response of greenhouse tomato to coupling of temperature and carbon dioxide

作　　者：姜慧敏 温祥珍[1] 李亚灵[1] 李夏夏 王楠 Jiang Huimin;Wen Xiangzhen;Li Yaling;Li Xiaxia;Wang Nan(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第8期52-58,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(61233006);山西省煤基重点科技攻关项目(FT201402-05)

摘　　要：[目的]为了解高温下增施二氧化碳对温室番茄高温危害的影响。[方法]以番茄‘鸿途’为试验材料,于2017年4月7日至8月2日在自然光照生长室内(长3m、宽2.4m、南侧屋面高1.5m,北侧屋面高2.3m)进行试验。试验设置高温(37~40℃)处理,以常温(25~27℃)为对照,每个温度处理下设置一个常CO2浓度(300~400μL·L-1)和一个高CO2浓度(700~900μL·L-1)。[结果]在两种CO2浓度处理下,与常温相比,高温处理使植株在整个生长期叶片面积平均减少10%,但是果实成熟提早,前三个月的平均单株产量较常温处理高34%。然而试验结束时高温处理反而与常温处理单株产量相接近,并且果实中所含VC和可溶性蛋白质含量平均降低约24%和21%。在高温下,增施CO2后,番茄叶片面积平均增加9%,产量增加不明显,果实中所含VC和可溶性蛋白质平均增加42%和28%;在常温下,增施CO2番茄叶片面积平均增加10%,产量增加13%,果实中所含VC和可溶性蛋白质平均增加31%和24%。[结论]增施CO2,可以促进植株生长,改善果实品质,在常温下增施CO2可以提高番茄产量,高温下,增施CO2可以缓解高温危害。[Objective]The purpose of the experiment was to understand the effect of elevated levels of atmospheric CO 2 to mitigate high temperature damage to tomatoes.[Methods]A tomato variety'Hongtu'was selected as the experiment material,and was planted in the natural light growth chamber at 3 m(L)by 2.4 m(W)by 1.5 m(H)in south side or 2.3 m in north side.The greenhouse trial was conducted between April 7thand August 2nd,2017.One treatment was performed with a higher temperature at 37~40℃between 10:30 am and 17:30 pm,while the normal temperature at 25~27℃was used as the control treatment.CO 2 concentrations at 300~400μL·L-1 or 700~900μL·L-1 were combined with different temperature to produce four different combinations.[Results]Tomato crops planted under high temperature produced less leaf area but earlier ripening time in both[CO 2]levels.The average yield per plant in high temperature treatment was 34%higher in the first three months and decreased gradually to close to crops planted under room temperature at the end of the experiment.The content of vitamin C and soluble protein of the fruit in the high temperature treatment was decreased by approximately 24%and 21%,respectively.When higher[CO 2]coupled with high temperature,leaf area of tomato plants was enhanced by 9%,and the content of vitamin C and soluble protein of fruit were increased by 42%and 28%,respectively,while no significant increase of yield was observed.When higher[CO 2]was coupled with normal temperature,leaf area and yield of plants were increased by 10%and 13%,respectively.Moreover the content of vitamin C and soluble protein of fruit were increased by 31%and 24%respectively.[Conclusion]The CO 2 enrichment could promote plant growth and improve fruit quality.The CO 2 enrichment could increase the yield of tomato at normal temperature,and alleviate the damage caused by high temperature.

关 键 词：番茄 CO2 温度 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]