红树林地法律保护中的财产权限制与补偿——基于管制性征收的分析视角  

The Restriction on Property Rights and Compensation in the Legal Protection to Mangrove Land: An Analysis Perspective Based on Regulatory Taking

作　　者：王振标[1,2] 彭华 WANG Zhenbiao;PENG Hua(School of Public Policy&Management,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004 China;School of Law,Zhongnan University of Economic and Law,Wuhan 430060 China;School of History&Culture,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079 China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学公共管理学院,南宁530004 [2]中南财经政法大学法学院,武汉430060 [3]华中师范大学历史文化学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《林业经济问题》2018年第3期31-38,102,共9页Issues of Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17XZZ002);广西中青年教师提升计划项目(20182018KY0011)

摘　　要：红树林地具有较高的生态价值和经济价值。根据规范分析和比较分析的研究方法,借用美国管制性征收的理论和判断标准得出结论:尽管从财产权的社会义务理论和警察权的理论来讲,对红树林地的法律保护有其合法性和正当性,但从权利束的判断标准来看,对红树林地财产权的过度限制可能构成管制性征收,因而需要补偿。由于受到多种法律规制,如何确定其公平合理的补偿是另一个相当复杂的问题。借用周边土地与红树林地租金差价来衡量红树林地在财产管制中的价值贬损是一个相对简单易行的思路。除此以外,可转移发展权(TDR)模式对于衡量其空间发展权是个值得借鉴的思路。⑴Background--With the increase of awareness of the ecological value of mangroves,local governments of the areas having mangrove forests along the coast of China are strengthening the legal protection to mangroves.However,the legal protection to mangroves means some loss of economic value of the mangrove land and the restriction to property rights on the mangrove land.Therefore,how to balance public welfare and private benefits is the issue that has to be considered in the process of legislation to protect mangrove.⑵Methods--By the normative analysis,we will study the current concrete measures to protect mangrove,the degree of restriction to property rights,and the legal basis for compensation.By the value analysis,this paper demonstrates the legitimacy and legality of legal protection and restrictions to property rights on mangrove land.By the comparative analysis and the theory of regulatory taking,this paper demonstrates whether the restriction to property rights on mangrove land constitutes a regulatory expropriation,whether it should be compensated and how to compensate fairly and reasonably.⑶Results--The nature of the public goods of the mangrove ecological resources determines that it is necessary to provide legal protection,but it also means that the property rights of the mangrove forest are restricted to some extent.The theory of social responsibility of property rights and the theory of police power can provide the legality and justification of the restriction on property rights of mangrove land.However,excessive restrictions on property rights not only violate the principle of fair burden,but also are not conducive to the establishment of a long-term mechanism to the protection of mangroves.In order to balance public and private interests,whether property rights restrictions mean compensation is the key.In China's current legal system,it is clearly stipulated that classical taking involving transfer of ownership should be compensated,but there is no clear provision on whether compensation for res

关 键 词：红树林 公益 私益 管制性征收 特别牺牲 补偿 

分 类 号：D922.682[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]