中国对欧盟出口比较优势行业的碳密集型程度——基于中国“污染避难所效应”的再检验  

The Degree of Carbon Intensity of China's Industries with Comparative Advantages in Exporting to EU——Re-examination of the Pollution Haven Effect in China

作　　者：邓荣荣[1] DENG Rong-rong(University of South China,Hengyang421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学经济与法学学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2018年第8期89-99,共11页China Business and Market

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"中国低碳城市试点的政策绩效评价及优化研究"(15CJY037)

摘　　要：运用2005—2016年中国对欧盟工业分行业面板数据,基于比较优势对一国国际贸易专业化分工的引擎作用,从两个维度验证中国与欧盟的贸易是否存在"污染避难所效应",结果表明,中国对欧盟具有出口比较优势行业的碳密集型程度均不高,"污染避难所效应"尚未在中国实际凸显,但工业行业碳密集型程度与环境规制强度变量分别对其出口比较优势具有显著的正向与负向影响,故在中国工业行业发展的现实状况下,即使中国对欧盟的出口目前尚未产生"污染避难所效应",也面临"污染避难所效应"的潜在威胁,须引起重视。为避免"污染避难所效应"在中国产生,一要进一步深化产业结构,推进污染治理技术创新,培育低碳导向的产业共生系统,以降低各行业的碳密集型程度;二要改革政绩考评导向、优化政府环境规制结构,协调消费、生产与碳减排的关系,以进一步加大政府环境规制力度并强化执行效果。Based on the panel data of industries in China and EU28 from 2005 to 2016,the author verifies whether China has a"Pollution Haven Effect"in export to the EU based on the engine effect of the comparative advantage to the international specialization from two standpoints.Results show that China's export-oriented comparative advantage to the EU is not high during the study period,so the"Pollution Haven Effect"has not yet been highlighted in China;however,there is a significant positive and negative impact of the industrial intensity and environmental regulation intensity on its export comparative advantage.Therefore,even there has not yet been"Pollution Haven Effect"for China's exports to the EU in the current situation,China has been also facing the potential threat of"Pollution Haven Effect"which is worthy of attention.In order to overcome the potential threat of"Pollution Haven Effect",on the one hand,it is necessary to further deepen the industrial structure,promote pollution control technology innovation,and foster a low-carbon-oriented industrial symbiosis system to reduce the carbon-intensiveness of various industries;on the other hand,it is necessary to reform the performance evaluation,optimize the government's environmental regulation structure,and coordinate the relationship between consumption,production and carbon emission reduction to further increase the intensity and effectiveness of government environmental regulation.

关 键 词：中国 欧盟 比较优势 碳密集型行业 污染避难所效应 

分 类 号：F752.1[经济管理—国际贸易]