我国收费公路行业资源配置效率及其影响因素  

The Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Resource Allocation in Toll Road Industry of China

作　　者：白鹏锐 徐海成[2] BAI Peng-rui;XU Hai-cheng(Shanxi University of Finance&Economics,Taiyuan030006,China;Chang’an University,Xi’an710064,China)

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学管理科学与工程学院,山西太原030006 [2]长安大学经济与管理学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2018年第8期100-108,共9页China Business and Market

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"收费公路行业行政垄断的租值耗散研究"(13BJY123);太原社会科学创新资金资助项目"物流业跨境冷链运营绩效评价及影响因素研究"(TYSSKL201802)

摘　　要：收费公路行业包括建设、运营、养护等多个环节,涉及大量的资金和劳动力资源,有效配置行业资源对于收费公路行业发展至关重要。然而,构建收费公路行业资源配置效率测度指标体系,进而基于2009—2016年我国收费公路企业面板数据对我国收费公路行业资源配置效率进行测算并分析其影响因素发现,我国公路行业资源配置效率并不理想,在地域上呈现出从东南向西北和东北方向梯田式下降的状态,在公路类型上呈现出经营性公路资源配置效率普遍高于政府还贷公路的规律,而行业内过度的行政垄断是导致收费公路行业资源配置效率低下的根源。为提高收费公路行业资源配置效率,一定要根据政府职责和市场机制功能明确政府与市场边界;一定要建立与市场化改革相符合、有利于实现收费公路行业高效运营的新型政府规制体制,提高行业资源配置效率;一定要改革产权结构和管理体制,在收费公路行业建立国有经济退出和其他资本进入机制,不断完善行业管理体制和企业运营模式,最大限度降低国有产权比重。The toll road industry of China includes such links as construction,operation and maintenance,which concerning a large amount of capital and labor resources;and the effective resources allocation is of great significance for the development of this industry.Based on panel data of China’s toll road enterprises from 2009 to 2016,the authors build index system of resources allocation efficiency in toll road industry,measure resources allocation efficiency,and analyze the influence factors of resources allocation in this industry.The results show that:it isn’t ideal for resources allocation in the toll road industry;different type of operation and different regions will result in different efficiency;and administrative monopoly is the main cause for the low efficiency.To improve resource allocation efficiency of toll roads industry,we should divide definitely government and market,build standardized regulation system suitable to market-oriented reform and beneficial to efficient operation,and reform property right structure and management system.

关 键 词：收费公路 资源配置效率 行政垄断 产权结构 管理体制 

分 类 号：F269.2[经济管理—国民经济]