冬小麦初生根与次生根形态、生理性状差异分析  

Difference Analysis in Morphological and Physiological Characteristics between Seminal and Nodal Roots of Winter Wheat( Triticum aestivum L. )

作　　者：臧贺藏 王言景[3] 张均 李丰[2] 卢红芳[2] 贺德先[2] ZANG Hecang;WANG Yanjing;ZHANG Jun;LI Feng;LU Hongfang;HE Dexian(Agricultural Economy&Information Research Institution,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;College of Agriculture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Elementary Education Department,Zhengzhou Normal University,Zhengzhou 450044,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002 [3]郑州师范学院初等教育学院,河南郑州450044

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第6期18-23,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B07-4;2015BAD26B00);河南农业大学创新项目(30600991)

摘　　要：采用分根移位方法,以郑麦9023、郑麦004、周麦16号、洛旱2号、兰考矮早8和豫麦18号为试验材料,对初生根和次生根的形态及生理性状进行研究,以明确初生根和次生根的功能差异,为河南省小麦高产、优质、高效栽培提供理论依据。结果表明,随生育时期的推进,单株初生根数呈降低趋势,单株次生根数呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,单株初生根、次生根干质量均在灌浆中期达到峰值;初生根活力、全氮含量、可溶性糖含量及次生根全氮含量、可溶性糖含量均在返青期达到峰值,而次生根活力于拔节期达最大值。小麦初生根、次生根在形态及生理性状方面均具有显著差异。生育前期,初生根生长占优势,其根数和干质量均显著高于次生根,而次生根生理性状占优势,其根系活力、全氮含量、可溶性糖含量均显著高于初生根;生育中后期,主要以次生根生长为主,其根数和干质量均显著高于初生根,而初生根生理性状逐渐占优势,其全氮含量、可溶性糖含量均显著高于次生根,且初生根数与产量呈显著正相关。综合分析认为,不同生育阶段有针对性地调控二者的发育和功能,维持生育中后期初生根、次生根正常的生理功能,促进初生根与次生根的数量与质量协调发展是进一步增加产量的关键途径。The morphological and physiological characteristics between seminal and nodal roots of winter wheat cultivars were studied with Zhengmai 9023,Zhengmai 004,Zhoumai No.16,Luohan No.2,Lankaoaizao 8 and Yumai No.18 as test materials by root-guiding method,so as to clear the difference in development and function between seminal and nodal roots,provide theoretical basis for high-yield,high-quality and high-efficiency wheat cultivation in Henan province.The results showed that with the progress of growth period,seminal roots number per plant of different wheat cultivars decreased,nodal roots number per plant first increased and then decreased,whereas seminal and nodal roots dry weight per plant reached peak at the middle of the grain filling;roots vigor,total nitrogen content,soluble sugars content of seminal roots and total nitrogen,soluble sugars contents of nodal roots reached the maximum at returning green stage,whereas nodal roots vigor reached the maximum at jointing stage.There were significant differences between the morphological characteristics and physiological characteristics between seminal roots and nodal roots of different wheat cultivars.At the early stage,the seminal roots growth had advantage,amount and dry weight of seminal roots were significant higher than those of the nodal roots;whereas the physiological activity of nodal roots was higher than that of the seminal roots,the vigor,nitrogen content,soluble sugar content of the nodal roots were significant higher than those of the seminal roots.At the middle and later stage,the nodal roots growth had advantage,amount and dry weight of nodal roots were significant higher than those of the seminal roots;the physiological activity of seminal roots was higher than that of the nodal roots,total nitrogen soluble sugar contents of the seminal roots were significant higher than those of the nodal roots,the relationship between the seminal roots number per plant and yield was significant positive correlation.The results suggested that regulating the developme

关 键 词：小麦 初生根 次生根 形态性状 生理性状 差异 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]