限量灌溉对不同棉花品种干物质积累分配、产量和水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Limited Irrigation on Accumulation and Distribution of Dry Matter, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Different Cotton Varieties

作　　者：刘朋程 孙红春[1] 刘连涛[1] 张永江[1] 刘玉春[1,2] 白志英[1,3] 李梦[4] 李存东[1] Liu Pengcheng;Sun Hongchun;Liu Liantao;Zhang Yongjiang;Liu Yuchun;Bai Zhiying;Li Meng;Li Cundong(Agricultural University of Hebei/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China;College of Urban and Rural Construction,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China;College of Life Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China;Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学/河北省作物生长调控重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学城乡建设学院,河北保定071000 [3]河北农业大学生命科学学院,河北保定071000 [4]河北省农林科学院,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《棉花学报》2018年第4期316-325,共10页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571610);河北省棉花产业体系(HBCT2013030205);河北省自然科学基金(C2014204072);河北农业大学农学院引进人才(博士)基金研究计划(TD2016C313)

摘　　要：【目的】探明限量灌溉对黄河流域棉区土壤水分、棉花生长发育与产量的调控效应以及不同熟性品种的差异。【方法】以早熟品种中棉所50(CCRI 50)、中早熟品种农大601(ND601)、中熟品种冀棉958(JM 958)为试验材料开展大田试验,设置常规灌溉(W1)、限量灌溉(播前酌情补灌,生育期不灌溉,W2)2个水分处理,对各处理的叶面积指数、水分利用效率、产量等性状进行了测定。【结果】1)W2处理显著降低了3个品种的干物质质量,以早熟品种中棉所50降低幅度最大;2)与W1处理相比,3个品种在W2处理下的产量均显著降低,早熟品种中棉所50降幅最大;中棉所50水分利用效率显著降低,而中早熟品种ND 601和中熟品种JM 958的水分利用效率均显著提高。【结论】ND 601和JM 958对限量灌溉引起的适度干旱胁迫有着良好的适应能力,W2处理可以有效提高它们的水分利用效率,使其达到较理想的产量水平;早熟品种中棉所50对水分反应敏感,W2处理下不易形成高产群体结构。[Objective]We aimed to prove the effects of limited irrigation on the regulation of soil moisture,growth,and yield in different mature cotton varieties in the Yellow River region.[Method]Using the early maturing cotton variety CCRI 50,earlier middle maturing variety Nongdamian 601(ND 601),and medium maturing variety Jimian 958(JM 958)as test materials,field tests were carried out using both conventional irrigation(W1)and limited irrigation(proper irrigation before sowing,no irrigation during growing period;W2).The traits of interest were measured,including leaf area index,water use efficiency,and yield.[Result]The dry matter quality of the three varieties was significantly lower with the W2 treatment,with the greatest reduction observed in CCRI 50(P<0.05).Compared with the W1 treatment,the yield of the three varieties under the W2 treatment decreased significantly,with the greatest reduction observed in the early maturing variety CCRI 50.The water use efficiency of CCRI 50 decreased significantly while that of ND 601 and JM 958 improved significantly during the two study years.[Conclusion]ND 601 and JM 958 have good adaptability to moderate drought stress and W2 treatment can improve the water use efficiency of these varieties to obtain the ideal output level.CCRI 50 is sensitive to moisture;it is difficult to form a high yield population for this variety under W2 treatment.

关 键 词：棉花 限量灌溉 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S562.07[农业科学—作物学]