水土环境中微生物胞外聚合物对污染物迁移和归宿影响的研究进展  

A review on effects of extracellular polymeric substances on contaminants fate & transport in soil and water environment

作　　者：武宇辉[1] 杨悦锁[1,2] 赵传起[2] 张茜[1] 陈煜[1] 徐斌[1] WU Yuhui;YANG Yuesuo;ZHAO Chuanqi;ZHANG Xi;CHEN Yu;XU Bin(Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment(Jilin University),Ministry of Education,Changchun 130021,Jilin,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment(Shenyang University),Ministry of Education,Shenyang 110044,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130021 [2]沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110044

出　　处：《化工学报》2018年第8期3303-3317,共15页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41472237;41703120);辽宁省创新团队项目(LT2015017);沈阳市科技计划项目"双百工程"(Z17-5-079)~~

摘　　要：在土壤和水环境中存在大量微生物,附着在其表面的胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)在重金属及有机污染物等的迁移和转化中发挥着重要作用。以保护水土环境、提升污染水土修复效率的科学和工程问题为目标,针对近年来国内外对EPS的组成和结构、影响微生物EPS分泌的因素、EPS的提取方法以及其生物降解性等方面的研究成果进行了综合评述,系统分析了EPS参与土壤和水环境中金属及有毒有机物质生物降解和去除的微观机制,进而针对现有研究中存在的问题,对EPS在土壤和水环境中的进一步研究空间,特别是如何提高理解EPS的生物和化学修复工程意义提出展望。There are a large number of microorganisms in the soil and water environment.The extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)attached on their surfaces play an important role in the migration and transformation of heavy metals and organic contaminants.This paper aims at protecting the water and soil environment,improving the level of problem-solving of science and engineering in remediation efficiency of contaminated water and soil.Various studies conducted so far about composition and structure of EPS,factors affecting the EPS secretion of microorganism,the EPS extraction methods and biodegradability of EPS were reviewed.The microscopic mechanism of EPS in biodegradation and removal of metals and toxic organic substances in soil and water environment was systematically analyzed.The further perspectives of EPS research in soil and water environment are proposed in considering the current problems and issues in the related studies,and particularly in supporting biochemical remediation engineering of contaminants using the EPS scientific understanding.

关 键 词：胞外聚合物 土壤 水环境 吸附 还原 絮凝 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]