新农合、农户风险承担与收入增长  

The New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme, Farmers' Risk Taking and Income Growth

作　　者：王小龙[1,2] 何振 Wang Xiaolong;He Zhen

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学财政金融学院 [2]中国财政金融政策研究中心

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2018年第7期79-95,共17页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"促进社会主义新农村建设的财政政策研究"(项目编号:06JJD790033)资助

摘　　要：本文利用中国家庭追踪调查2010年、2012年和2014年的数据,实证检验了新农合对农户风险承担的影响,并验证了新农合是否能够促进农户增收以及新农合是否通过风险承担发挥增收效应。实证分析发现,新农合显著提高了农户的非农风险承担和农业风险承担;在区分非农风险承担的形式后发现,新农合显著促进了农户自主创业,但对风险金融资产持有并没有显著影响。家庭异质性检验发现,新农合对户主年龄较大、初始财富较多的农户家庭的风险承担影响较大。进一步分析发现,新农合显著提高了农户的收入水平;而机制检验表明,非农风险承担特别是农户自主创业是新农合发挥增收作用的主要机制。This article uses data from China Family Panel Studies from 2010 to 2014 to empirically examine the impact of the new rural cooperative medical scheme(NCMS)on farmers’risk-taking.It verifies whether the NCMS can increase farmers’income,and whether their risk-taking is a main mechanism for increasing income.The empirical results show that the NCMS has significantly increased the non-agricultural risk taking level and agricultural risk taking level of farmers.The study distinguishes the forms of non-agricultural risks and finds that the NCMS mainly encourages farmers to start a business,but it has no significant impact for them on holding risk financial assets.Heterogeneity tests find that the NCMS has a greater impact for rich families and families whose heads are older persons.Further tests reveal that the NCMS has improved farmers’income.Mechanism test finds that non-agricultural risk-taking is a main channel.

关 键 词：新型农村合作医疗 风险承担 农民收入 

分 类 号：F014.4[经济管理—政治经济学]