高残炭耐烧蚀树脂基体研究进展  

Research Progress of Ablative Resistant Resin Matrix with High Carbonization Rate

作　　者：王子龙 邢素丽[1] 尹昌平[1] 杨金水[1] Wang Zilong;Xing Suli;Yin Changping;Yang Jinshui(College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2018年第8期131-137,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：航天科学技术基金项目

摘　　要：综述了近年来氨酚醛树脂、钡酚醛树脂等广泛使用的传统酚醛树脂(PF),硼改性酚醛树脂(BPF)、苯并恶嗪树脂(BZ)和酚三嗪树脂(PT)等部分改性PF,以及以聚芳基乙炔树脂(PAA)为代表的新型高残炭树脂的研究进展。分析了传统PF不能满足先进热防护材料发展需求的原因。着重介绍了BPF主要的合成方法和热分解机理、BZ的分子改性设计和共混共聚改性以及PAA的改性和固化过程中存在的主要问题。对比介绍了不同耐烧蚀基体在高温热环境下的残炭率,以及其在制备工艺、实际应用等方面所存在的问题,并且展望了树脂基耐烧蚀复合材料未来在纳米改性方面的发展趋势。The recent research progresses were reviewed,including traditional phenolic resin(PF)such as ammonia phenolic resin and barium phenolic resin,modification PF such as boron-modified phenolic resin(BPF),benzoxazine resin(BZ)and phenolic triazine resin(PT),as well as polyarylacetylene resin(PAA)represented the new type of resin matrix with high carbonization rate.The reasons that traditional PF can not meet the development needs of advanced thermal protection materials were analyzed.The main synthesis methods and pyrolysis mechanism of BPF,molecular modification design and copolymerization modification of BZ,modification and the main problems in curing process of PAA were highlighted.The carbonization rates of different ablation resistant matrix at high temperature and their problems in preparation process and application were descripted.The development trend of resin matrix ablative composite modification by nano-materials was forecasted finally.

关 键 词：残炭率 烧蚀性能 改性酚醛树脂 聚芳基乙炔树脂 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]