基于熔盐超声复合的除漆技术研究及工艺优化  

De-painting Technology Based on Ultrasonic Compounding of Molten Salt and Technology Optimization

作　　者：张保财 孙一航[1,2] 贾秀杰 李方义[1,2] 杨明斌[1,2] 辛本礼 王兴 王光存[3] ZHANG Bao-cai;SUN Yi-hang;JIA Xiu-jie;LI Fang-yi;YANG Ming-bin;XIN Ben-li;WANG Xing;WANG Guang-cun(Mechanical Engineering School,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education(Shandong University),Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;XCMG Research Institute,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学机械工程学院,济南250061 [2]山东大学机械工程国家级实验教学示范中心(山东大学),济南250061 [3]江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《表面技术》2018年第8期280-287,共8页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375278);企事业单位委托项目(11381704)~~

摘　　要：目的针对再制造端盖表面厚重油漆的去除难题,研究基于熔盐超声复合清洗的除漆技术。方法采用SEM电镜和红外光谱分析仪观察分析油漆的微观形貌和组成成分,结合熔盐、超声去除规律,揭示复合清洗机理,并在此基础上开展复合清洗试验。通过中心复合试验法,以复合清洗周期作为评判指标,拟合试验数据构建清洗周期的回归方程和响应曲面模型,利用Minitab对清洗温度和超声功率两工艺参数进行最优化分析,并设置实验验证。结果油漆内部呈明显的分层结构,其主要成分为含酯基、环氧基和芳香类化合物的有机物,复合清洗机理为热膨胀、化学、表面张力和超声空化效应的作用。基于上述结果进行的试验表明,随清洗温度和超声功率的提高,清洗场内化学反应速率提高,超声空化效果显著,复合清洗能力增强,复合清洗周期最短为4.5 min。最优清洗参数为:温度335℃,超声功率1440 W。利用最优参数清洗后,表面污染物残余量为0.2 mg,硬度和抗拉强度的变化率分别为0.83%和1.68%,符合再制造标准。结论熔盐超声复合清洗处理通过选取合适的工艺参数,可有效去除污染物,清洗效果以及机械性能符合再制造要求。The work aims to study a de-painting technology based on ultrasonic compounding of molten salt,so as to remove thick paint on remanufactured end caps.Firstly,microstructure and composition of the paint were analyzed by SEM and FTIR.Composite cleaning mechanism was revealed by combining the laws of molten salt removal and ultrasound removal.Then,on this basis,a composite cleaning test was carried out.In the method of central composite test,with composite cleaning cycle as evaluation index,test data was fitted to establish regression equation and response surface model,and Minitab was used for optimal analysis of such process parameters as cleaning temperature and ultrasonic power,and experimental verification was set up.A clear layered structure was obtained inside the paint,and its main ingredients were organic compounds including ester groups,epoxy groups and aromatic compounds.Besides,composite cleaning mechanism was effect of thermal expansion,chemical,surface tension and ultrasonic cavitation.With the increase of cleaning temperature and ultrasonic power,chemical reaction rate in the cleaning field was increased,ultrasonic cavitation effect was intensified,and composite cleaning capability was enhanced.The shortest cleaning cycle was 4.5 min,optimal cleaning parameters were:temperature 335℃and ultrasonic power 1440 W.Residual volume of surface contaminant was 0.2 mg after cleaning,and changing rate of hardness and tensile strength was 0.83%,1.68%,respectively.These all meet remanufacturing standards.Ultrasonic cleaning of molten salt can effectively remove contaminants by selecting suitable process parameters,and cleaning effect and mechanical properties meet remanufacturing standards.

关 键 词：再制造 复合清洗机理 熔盐超声复合清洗 中心复合试验 最优化参数 

分 类 号：TG663[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]