全国多中心医院病区手卫生设施现况  

Current situation of hand hygiene facilities in Chinese multicenter hospitals

作　　者：彭雪儿 徐丹慧[1] 侯铁英[2] 李卫光[3] 马红秋[4] 杨怀[5] 丁丽丽[6] 刘卫平 罗晓黎[8] 吴安华[9] 文建国[10] 邢亚威[11] 杨芸[12] 张卫红[13] 武迎宏[14] 林玲[15] 刘运喜[16] 李六亿[1] PENG Xue-er;XU Dan-hui;HOU Tie-ying;LI Wei-guang;MA Hong-qiu;YANG Huai;DING Li-li;LIU Wei-ping;LUO Xiao-li;WU An-hua;WEN Jian-guo;XING Ya-wei;YANG Yun;ZHANG Wei-hong;WU Ying-hong;LIN Ling;LIU Yun-xi;LI Liu-yi(Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China;Guangdong General Hospital,Guangzhou 510008,China;Shandong Provincial Hospital,Jinan 250021,China;Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230022,China;Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital,Guiyang 550002,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China;Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital,Hohhot 010017,China;Jiang-xi Provincial Children’s Hospital,Nanchang 330006,China;Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha 410008,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050019,China;Shanxi Dayi Hospital,Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Taiyuan 030032,China;Jiangsu Province Hospital,Nanjing 210029,China;Peking University People’s Hospital,Beijing 100044,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin 150030,China;Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院,北京100034 [2]广东省人民医院,广东广州510008 [3]山东省立医院,山东济南250021 [4]安徽医科大学,安徽合肥230022 [5]贵州省人民医院,贵州贵阳550002 [6]新疆医科大学第一附属医院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [7]内蒙古自治区人民医院,内蒙古呼和浩特010017 [8]江西省儿童医院,江西南昌330006 [9]中南大学湘雅医院,湖南长沙410008 [10]郑州大学第一附属医院,河南郑州450052 [11]河北医科大学第四医院,河北石家庄050019 [12]山西医学科学院山西大医院,山西太原030032 [13]江苏省人民医院,江苏南京210029 [14]北京大学人民医院,北京100044 [15]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [16]解放军总医院,北京100853

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2018年第9期753-758,共6页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

基　　金：中国医院协会<中国医院感染管理工作30周年总结>项目(CHA-2016-026-053)

摘　　要：目的了解我国医院病区手卫生设施设置基本现状。方法2016年采用多中心研究方式,抽取全国14个省(市、自治区)不同级别(省、地、县)医院及军队医院,对其病区的手卫生设施进行现场调查,分析比较2010、2016年不同病区不同区域手卫生设施配备情况。结果与2010年相比,2016年医院洗手池的总设置率从69.30%上升至77.20%(χ~2=37.68,P<0.01);2016年医院病区水龙头开关以感应式为主(39.39%),其次为手拧式和脚踏式,分别占29.65%和17.67%;干手方式以纸巾为主,占77.30%。使用纸巾干手所占比率从2010年的38.45%上升至2016年的77.30%,自然晾干所占比率从18.65%降至8.04%。医院速干手消毒剂总配置率从2010年的50.47%上升至2016年的75.64%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=402.46,P<0.01)。2016年不同病区不同区域速干手消毒剂配置率比较,差异均具有统计学意义(呼吸内科:χ~2=69.49,P<0.01;普通外科:χ~2=66.97,P<0.01;ICU:χ~2=88.52,P<0.01)。速干手消毒剂的配置率以治疗室配置的比率最高(呼吸内科、普通外科、ICU的治疗室分别达89.50%、88.50%和88.54%),普通病区患者房间内和病区走廊配置率较低(60%左右)。除病区走廊配置率在56.25%外,ICU其他区域速干手消毒剂配置率均在80%以上。结论与2010年相比,2016年医院病区洗手池与速干手消毒剂的配置率有所提高,水龙头开关与干手方式有所改进,但各病区区域手卫生设施配置不均,与医院感染防控要求尚有一定距离,仍应继续改进手卫生设施。Objective To understand the current situation of hand hygiene(HH)facilities in China.Methods A multicenter study was conducted to select different levels of hospitals(province,district,and county levels)and army hospitals in 14 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions).HH facilities in hospital wards were conducted field survey,installation of HH facilities in different sections of different wards in 2010 and 2016 were compared.Results The total installation rate of hand wash sink in hospital increased from 69.30%in 2010 to 77.20%in 2016(χ2=37.68,P<0.01);in 2016,the faucet switch in hospital wards was mainly inductive(39.39%),follows by hand-type and foot-type switch,accounting for 29.65%and 17.67%respectively;the main way of hand drying was use of paper towel,accounting for 77.30%.The rate of hand drying by using paper towel increased from 38.45%in 2010 to 77.30%in 2016,rate of hand drying naturally fell from 18.65%to 8.04%.The total equipping rate of alcohol-based hand rub in hospitals increased from 50.47%in 2010 to 75.64%in 2016,difference was statistically significant(χ2=402.46,P<0.01).In 2016,equipping rate of alcohol-based hand rub in different sections of different wards were all significantly different(department of respiratory disease medicine:χ2=69.49,P<0.01;department of general surgery:χ2=66.97,P<0.01;intensive care unit[ICU]:χ2=88.52,P<0.01).The equipping rate of alcohol-based hand rub in treatment room was the highest(treatment rooms in departments of respiratory medicine,general surgery,and ICU were 89.50%,88.50%,and 88.54%respectively),equipping rate of alcohol-based hand rub in patients’rooms and corridor of common wards was lowest(about 60%).Except for the corridor equipping rate was 56.25%,equipping rate of alcohol-based hand rub in other sections of ICU were all over 80%.Conclusion Compared with 2010,the equipping of hand washing basin,alcohol-based hand rub,faucet switch,and hand drying method have improved significantly in 2016,but allocation of HH facilities is uneven in diff

关 键 词：手卫生 洗手池 水龙头开关 速干手消毒剂 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]