地下商业建筑火灾人员安全疏散模拟研究  

Simulation research on safety evacuation in the underground commercial building fire

作　　者：韩帅 肖磊[1] 李鸿烨 李兴文 杨旭 HAN Shuai;XIAO Lei;LI Hong-ye;LI Xing-wen;YANG Xu(The Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Academy,Hebei Langfang 065000,China;Kunming Fire Detachment,Yunnan Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民武装警察部队学院,河北廊坊065000 [2]昆明市消防支队,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2018年第7期910-914,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省科学技术研究与发展计划科普专项项目(17K55406D)

摘　　要：针对地下商业建筑在发生火灾时内部人员能否全部安全疏散问题,选取济南市某地下商业建筑为研究对象,利用CFAST对其火灾进行数值模拟,分析建筑内部烟气层高度、烟气层温度、CO浓度及CO2浓度随时间变化趋势,根据临界火灾危险判定条件得到可用安全疏散时间;利用EVACNET软件对其进行人员疏散模拟,得出建筑内部人员疏散运动时间以及疏散路径,结合火灾探测时间和人员响应时间得到必需安全疏散时间。根据安全疏散判定准则对二者进行比较,结果表明,发生火灾时该地下商业建筑人员能够安全疏散。结合该场所实际情况及数值模拟结果,从延长火灾到达危险临界状态的时间和缩短人员安全疏散时间两方面给出安全疏散建议。Aiming at the problem of if all the personnel in the underground commercial building can evacuate safely under the condition of the fire,an underground commercial building in Jinan was selected as the research object,and the numerical simulation on fire was carried out by CFAST.Available safety egress time can be obtained according to the critical fire risk criterion through simulating and analyzing the change trend of smoke layer height,smoke layer temperature,CO concentration and CO2 concentration with time.Personnel evacuation was simulated by EVACNET and then required safety egress time was obtained combined with the fire detection time and personnel response time on the foundation of simulating evacuation movement time and evacuation route.Finally the two times were compared through the safety evacuation criterion.The research results showed that the personnel in the underground commercial building can evacuate safely under the condition of the fire.Safety evacuation proposals were given combined with the reality of the workplace and numerical simulation results from the two aspects of prolonging fire danger arrival time and shortening the evacuation time.

关 键 词：地下商业建筑 火灾 安全疏散 CFAST EVACNET 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU922[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]