Ca^(2+)对序批式生物反应器活性污泥性能的影响  

Effect of Ca^(2+) on the properties of activated sludge in the SBR

作　　者：张兰河[1] 王佳平 陈子成[1] 郭静波[2] 贾艳萍[1] 张海丰[1] 李正 ZHANG Lanhe;WANG Jiaping;CHEN Zicheng;GUO Jingbo;JIA Yanping;ZHANG Haifeng;LI Zheng(School of Chemical Engineering,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132012,Jilin,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132012,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]东北电力大学化学工程学院,吉林吉林132012 [2]东北电力大学建筑工程学院,吉林吉林132012

出　　处：《化工进展》2018年第9期3675-3681,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51678119;51508073);吉林省科技发展计划(20180201016SF;20170519013JH;20180101309JC)项目

摘　　要：二价阳离子能够中和活性污泥表面负电荷,影响微生物活性和生物絮凝性能。本文采用序批式生物反应器(SBR)考察Ca^(2+)对污泥活性和污泥絮体表面性质的影响,利用红外光谱和三维荧光光谱分析胞外聚合物(EPS)组分和结构的变化,揭示Ca^(2+)与污泥疏水性和zeta电位之间的联系,明确Ca^(2+)在生物絮凝中的作用。结果表明:在进水COD、TN和NH_4^+-N分别为420mg/L、40mg/L和35mg/L的条件下,当Ca^(2+)浓度达到160mg/L时,COD、NH_4^+-N和TN去除率最高(分别为96.7%、90.02%和73.2%),DHA活性和耗氧呼吸速率(OUR)达到最大,分别为124mg TF/L和3.1mg/(min·L)。Ca^(2+)促进了污泥微生物EPS的生成,增大了EPS中蛋白质含量。Ca^(2+)与EPS表面带负电的官能团形成架桥,吸附桥联的Ca^(2+)中和EPS表面的负电荷,减少了污泥表面负电荷之间的静电斥力,使污泥絮体保持稳定;同时增大了污泥表面的疏水性,改善了污泥的絮凝性和沉降性。The divalent cations can neutralize the negative charge on activated sludge surface and thus influence its microbial activity and biological flocculation performance.The sequencing batch reactors(SBR)were employed to investigate the effects of Ca^2+on the activity and the surface properties of the sludge flocs.The components and structures of the extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and three-dimensional excitation emission fluorescence spectroscopy(3D-EEM).The relation among Ca^2+,hydrophobicity and zeta potential of the sludge was revealed and the function of Ca^2+during biological flocculation was explicated.The results showed that when influent COD,TN and NH4+-N were 420mg/L,40mg/L and 35mg/L,respectively,their highest removal efficiencies were up to 96.7%,90.02%and 73.2%,respectively,under Ca^2+concentration of 160mg/L.The maximum dehydrogenase activity(DHA)and oxygen uptake rate(OUR)were 124mgTF/L and 3.1mg/(min·L),respectively.Ca^2+promoted the formation of EPS,improved the biological flocculation performance and enhanced the protein content in EPS.Ca^2+formed a bridge with negatively charged functional groups on the surface of EPS.Ca^2+adsorbing bridge neutralized the negative charges on the surface of EPS and reduced the electrostatic repulsion between the negative charges on the sludge surface,which stabilized the sludge flocs.Meanwhile,it increased the hydrophobicity of sludge surface and improved the flocculation and settling capability of sludge.

关 键 词：污泥 活性 胞外聚合物 蛋白质 静电斥力 絮凝 聚合 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]