“人造精子”介导半克隆技术的建立与应用  

Artificial spermatids derived semi-clone technology: from origin to application

作　　者：晏萌 李劲松[1,2] YAN Meng;LI Jinsong(Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China;Genome Tagging Project Center,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所,上海200031 [2]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院GTP中心,上海200031

出　　处：《自然杂志》2018年第4期245-252,共8页Chinese Journal of Nature

摘　　要："人造精子",也即单倍体胚胎干细胞,为正向遗传学和反向遗传学的研究提供了巨大的帮助,使得研究对象从细胞层面,扩展到更为可信的动物层面。作为胚胎干细胞的一种,"人造精子"拥有着胚胎干细胞可以无限扩增,且保持着很高的多能性的优势;同时,它具备精子的特性,携带有稳定的单倍体基因组遗传信息,能够与卵细胞融合为合子,并发育成健康的半克隆个体。"人造精子"的技术不仅推动了基础研究的速度,而且对医学遗传病的研究和治疗提供了革命性的工具。文章主要讲述了"人造精子"的起源、半克隆技术的实现,以及"人造精子"目前最新的应用研究。Artificial spermatids,or haploid embryonic stem cells,extend basic biology researches from cell level to a more reliable animal level.As one kind of embryonic stem cells,artificial spermatids keep high pluripotency and possess the ability to proliferate.In the meantime,they also acquire the ability to infuse with oocytes,like mature sperms,which form zygotes and develop into viable semi-clone offsprings.Artificial spermatids derived semi-clone technology accelerates the basic research,and provides a complete solution for single or multiple gene related genetic disorders.We will talk about the origin of artificial spermatids and semi-clone technology,as well as its latest application in biology and medicine sciences.

关 键 词：精子 人造精子 单倍体胚胎干细胞 遗传学 基因组标签计划 蛋白质云图 

分 类 号：Q813[生物学—生物工程]