郯庐断裂新生代构造演化及其对烃源岩生排烃的影响:以辽东湾坳陷辽中凹陷为例  

Tectonic Evolution of the Tan-Lu Fault in the Cenozoic and Its Effect on Hydrocarbon Generation and Expulsion of Source Rocks:A Case Study of the Liaozhong Sag (Liaodong Bay Depression)

作　　者：蒋子文 罗静兰[1] 王嗣敏[2] 华晓莉 牛新杰 田亚 王晓蕾 崔凯 JIANG Ziwen;LUO Jinglan;WANG Simin;HUA Xiaoli;NIU Xinjie;TIAN Ya;WANG Xiaolei;CUI Kai(State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;CNOOC China Limited Tianjing Branch,Tianjin 300452,China;4.PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company,Renqiu 062552,China;Oil&Gas Survey,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100029,China;Oil&Gas Survey,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100029,China;No.5 Oil Production Plant,Petro China,Daqing Oilfield Company,Daqing 163513,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室,西安710069 [2]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [3]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300452 [4]中国石油华北油田分公司,任丘062552 [5]中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心,北京100029 [6]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司第五采油厂,大庆163513

出　　处：《高校地质学报》2018年第4期573-583,共11页Geological Journal of China Universities

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2016ZX05026-003-005);中海石油天津分公司重大基础研究项目(S10TJMM016)联合资助

摘　　要：郯庐断裂带是渤海海域重要的活动断裂带,控制着该地区油气成藏的生储盖运圈保条件。以辽东湾坳陷辽中凹陷为研究对象,利用三维地震资料、平衡剖面分析对郯庐断裂几何学特征、演化特征进行研究;在此基础上,分析郯庐断裂走滑活动对烃源岩发育、分布、演化及生排烃的影响。辽东湾坳陷新生代构造演化分为为五个构造演化阶段、三个构造演化旋回。郯庐断裂走滑活动可错开先期、同期发育的烃源岩,改变烃源岩位置及生烃潜力的空间分布,有利于形成局部水体更深的还原环境,发育生烃潜力更大的烃源岩。走滑活动使断裂带附近地温梯度和大地热流升高,有利于降低生烃门限。郯庐断裂不同时期不同部位具有不同的活动性质,对油气运移起封闭或者运移通道作用。东营组沉积期晚期和明化镇组下段沉积期至今的断裂走滑活动与烃源岩大量生排烃期、油气成藏时期具有良好的匹配关系,提出郯庐断裂走滑活动可形成"拖曳"生排烃现象,使与走滑断层相关的圈闭中即使烃源岩条件较差亦可能具有勘探价值,从而突破了传统的油气勘探思路。The Tan-Lu fault zone is an important active fault zone in the Bohai Sea area,which controls the conditions of regional oil and gas accumulation.Based on a case study in the Liaozhong sag of the Liaodong Bay Depression,the geometrical and evolutionary characteristics of the Tan-Lu fault were studied by using 3D seismic data and the balanced section technique.Based on the results,the influence of the strike-slip activity of the Tan-Lu fault on the development,distribution,evolution,generation and expulsion of source rock was addressed.Results show that the tectonic evolution of the Liaodong Bay depression in the Cenozoic is divided into five stages and three cycles.The strike-slip activity of the Tan-Lu fault staggers the source rocks developed in the early and synchronous stages,changes the spatial distribution of source rock and hydrocarbon generation potential,and makes it beneficial to form reducing environments and develop source rocks with higher hydrocarbon generation potential.The strike-slip activity increases the geothermal gradient and the geothermal heat flow near the fault zone,which is conducive to reducing the hydrocarbon generation threshold.Different parts of the Tan-Lu fault vary in activities in periods,and they act as close or open channels for hydrocarbon migration.The Tan-Lu fault strike-slip activity from the late Dongying and early Minghuazhen stages to the present has a good matching with the main hydrocarbon generation and accumulation periods.It is suggested that the strike-slip activity of the Tan-Lu fault forms a“towed-pattern”of the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion.As a result,the traps with relatively poor source rock conditions may also have exploration value,which broadens the ideas of oil and gas exploration.

关 键 词：“拖曳”生排烃 油气运移 烃源岩 辽东湾坳陷 郯庐断裂带 走滑断层 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]