汕头、肇庆、韶关及东莞地区古树名木资源特征及危害因子分析  

Resource Characteristics and Hazard Factors Analysis of Ancient and Famous Trees in Shantou、Zhaoqing、Shaoguan and Dongguan Cities of Guangdong Province

作　　者：李亭潞 秦长生[2] 赵丹阳[2] 徐金柱[2] 谭晓霞 杨华[2] 田龙艳 揭育泽[2] 赖国栋[2] 练涛 邱华龙[2] LI Tinglu;QIN Changsheng;ZHAO Danyang;XU Jinzhu;TAN Xiaoxia;YANG Hua;TIAN Longyan;JIE Yuze;LAI Guodong;LIAN Tao;QIU Hualong(Forestry Pest Control and Quarantine Management Office of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510173,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省林业有害生物防治检疫管理办公室,广东广州510173 [2]广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室/广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州510520

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2018年第4期80-87,共8页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新专项(0835.1703228N2021)

摘　　要：通过对广东省粤东西北(汕头市、肇庆市、韶关市)和珠三角(东莞市)古树名木进行调查,分析了这4个地区古树名木的树种分布以及数量性状特征,并对危害古树生长的因子进行分析。结果表明,四地市古树名木的树龄主要集中在100~250 a,树高主要分布于10~20 m,胸径在200~400 cm范围内相对集中,而冠幅则集中于10~25 m。粤北的韶关市古树名木最多,高达7 300株,占全省的10.03%,其次依次为东莞、肇庆和汕头。粤北以樟树分布最多,而粤东、西和珠三角以榕树分布最多。东莞市古树名木生长环境差的数量最多,高达824株,约占全市古树名木的21.01%,此外,衰弱株和濒危株分别为744株和85株,均超过其余三个地市的总和。病虫害和人为因素是古树名木长势衰弱的重要原因,其中白蚁危害最为严重,而在乡村建设过程中,水泥铺装导致树池太小是古树名木衰弱的重要人为原因之一。最后根据调查结果,提出了古树名木的保护和复壮建议。Based on the investigation of ancient and famous trees in Shantou,Zhaoqing,Shaoguan and Dongguan cities of Guangdong Province,we analyzed the quantitative characteristics of trees in the four areas as well as space distribution of different species.The factors that endanger the growth of ancient and famous trees were also analyzed.The results showed that the age of ancient tree and famous wood in the four cities was mainly concentrated in 100~250 a,the height of the trees was mainly distributed in 10~20 m,the diameter at breast height(DBH)was relatively concentrated in the 200~400 cm,and the canopy was concentrated in 10~25 m.There was up to 7 300 ancient and famous trees in Shaoguan,which accounting for 10.03%of the total number of Guangdong province,followed by Dongguan,Zhaoqing and Shantou.The most popular species that distributed in Shaoguan was Cinnamomum camphora,while most popular species that distributed in Guangdong,Shantou and Zhaoqing was Ficus microcarpa.The number of ancient and famous trees lived in poor environment was up to 824 in Dongguan,accounting for 21.01%of the ancient trees in the city,which is highest among four cities.In addition,the number of weak and endangered plants are 744 and 85,which are more than the total of other three cities.Diseases and insect pests and human factors are major reasons for the death of ancient and famous trees,inwhich termites was the most serious pest.During the process of rural construction,small tree pools result from cement paving it is the most important reasons for the death of ancient and famous trees.Finally based on the result of investigation,we proposed some suggestions for ancient and famous trees protection and rejuvenation.

关 键 词：古树名木 保护 病虫害 复壮技术 

分 类 号：S782.42[农业科学—木材科学与技术]