易地移民搬迁的历史演进与理论逻辑  

The Historical Evolution and Theoretical Logic of Relocation of Emigration

作　　者：吴丰华[1] 于重阳[1] WU Feng-hua;YU Chong-yang(School of Economics and Management,Northwest University,Xi′an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第5期112-120,共9页Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(16ZDA023)

摘　　要：精准扶贫赋予了自古就有的移民搬迁以贫困治理为目标的全新内涵。新中国成立以来,易地移民搬迁的动因由非经济因素主导转向经济因素主导,目标由生存型转向发展型,主体由单一主体转向多元参与,方式由自发搬迁转向政府主导。在历史分析的基础上,我们提出的"多维空间+生计能力"框架可以很好地分析易地移民搬迁的理论逻辑和由此生发的贫困治理逻辑。易地搬迁实现了贫困户生活、生产、社会三维空间的切换,改变了贫困户的能量作用方向。但进入新空间的贫困户仍会面临新的空间困境,而介入相对应的贫困治理则有助于化解困境,帮助贫困户提升生计能力,最终实现脱贫致富。Precise poverty alleviation has given a new meaning to the relocation of immigrants.Since the founding of the People′s Republic of China,the motives for relocation have shifted from non-economic factors to economic factors,the goal has shifted from survival to development,the participating group has shifted from a single entity to multiple participation,and the approach has shifted from spontaneous relocation to government-led.On the basis of historical analysis,the framework of“Multidimensional Space+Livelihood Capacity”proposed by us can be a good analysis of the theoretical logic of immigration resettlement and the logic of the governance of poverty.Relocation has realized the switch of poor households′life,production,and social three-dimensional space,which has changed the energy direction of poor households.However,the poverty-stricken households entering the new space will still face new spatial difficulties,and the intervention of the corresponding poverty control will help resolve the predicament,help the poor households improve their livelihood capacity,and ultimately achieve poverty alleviation and prosperity.

关 键 词：易地移民搬迁 历史演进 精准扶贫 脱贫攻坚 全面建成小康社会 多维空间理论 贫困治理 

分 类 号：F121[经济管理—世界经济]