抚育间伐对不同龄林杉木人工林土壤理化性质和固土保水的影响研究  

Effects of Thinning on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Soil and Water Conservation of Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantation in Different Age Forests

作　　者：周全 王瑞辉[2] 钟呈 周阳超 符伟男 ZHOU Quan;WANG Ruihui;ZHONG Cheng;ZHOU Yangchao;FU Weinan(Central South Forestry Investigation,Planning and Design Institute,Changsha 410014,China;Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业局中南林业调查规划设计院,长沙410014 [2]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2018年第4期47-54,共8页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：国家林业局"森林抚育成效监测国家级样地及监测体系建设项目"(2015-28-11)

摘　　要：以江西靖安8a生杉木人工幼龄林和湖南华容12a生杉木人工中龄林为研究对象,利用试验测定和定量统计的方法,分析比较林分间伐(20%间伐强度)和未间伐(2015年抚育,连年调查)土壤层(0~15 cm,15~30cm)的理化性质及固土保水效益。结果表明:抚育间伐能降低杉木林的土壤容重,增大土壤毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度,且其增加值表土层大于心土层、幼龄林大于中龄林。抚育间伐对杉木林地土壤p H值的影响不明显,其酸碱度均在4.0~5.0之间;抚育间伐促进了杉木林地有机质的分解,有机质含量最高值为幼龄组达16.83 g/kg,促进作用表土层大于心土层、幼龄组大于中龄组,有机质含量均为抚育样地大于对照样地,且其差异具有显著性;抚育间伐对土壤钾、磷等营养元素的影响总体上较小。抚育间伐后第一年杉木林地表径流量有所增加,但以后杉木林地表径流量呈现抚育样地低于对照样地的趋势,中龄组的效果好于幼龄组;抚育间伐对净水率、净泥率、径流系数等的影响与地表径流量相似。试验结果有利于为科学合理经营杉木人工林提供依据,对生产具有一定指导意义。In this study,the middle aged plantation of 8-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in Jing’an,Jiangxi Province and 12a C.lanceolata plantation in Huarong,Hunan Province were selected as the research objects.The physical and chemical properties and soil and water conservation of soil layer(0~15 cm,15~30 cm,thinned stand and unthinned stand)were analyzed and compared by the method of test and quantitative statistics.The result shows that thinning can reduce the soil bulk density,increase the porosity and total porosity of the soil.The increase of the porosity of the topsoil is bigger than that of the subsoil layer and the increase of the porosity of young forest is bigger than that of middle age forest.Thinning had no obvious effect on the pH value of C.lanceolata woodland,which was between 4.0 to 5.0.Thinning promoted the decomposition of organic matter in C.lanceolata woodland and the highest value was 16.83 g/kg in young group.The contribution in topsoil is higher than that in subsoil layer and the contribution in in the young forest is greater than that in middle age forest.The content of organic was higher than that of control plot and the difference was significant.The effect of thinning on soil nutrient elements is generally smaller,such as potassium and phosphorus.In the first year after thinning,the runoff of C.lanceolata woodland increased,but later,the runoff of C.lanceolata woodland showed a tendency to be lower than that of the same land.The effect of the middle age group was better than that of the young group.The effect of thinning on water purification rate,net mud rate and runoff coefficient is similar to that of surface runoff.The experimental results are beneficial to providing scientific basis for scientific and rational management of C.lanceolata plantations and have great guiding significance for production.

关 键 词：间伐 不同龄林 杉木人工林 土壤理化性质 固土保水 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学] S714[农业科学—林学]