“同途殊归”:劳动力外出务工对农户采用可持续农业技术的影响  

The Effects of Labor Migration on Farmers' Sustainable Agricultural Technology Adoption Decisions

作　　者：邹杰玲 董政祎 王玉斌[1] Zou Jieling;Dong Zhengyi;Wang Yubin

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2018年第8期83-98,共16页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：农业部农业财政项目(人文类)"2015年度农业产业化发展情况调查"(编号:21086076)和"‘互联网+农民合作社’研究"(编号:21086059)的支持

摘　　要：本文利用2016年在山东省和河南省开展的"农村劳动力流动调查"所获数据,分析了劳动力外出务工对农户采用可持续农业技术的影响。研究发现:劳动力外出务工会使农户采用可持续农业技术的概率显著降低0.161。运用工具变量的CMP估计法和稳健性检验处理内生性问题后,外出务工的负向影响仍然显著。进一步地,通过区分农户是否以务农收入为主和务工距离的不同,分析不同兼业程度下劳动力外出务工对农户采用可持续农业技术的影响,本文间接验证了外出务工的影响包括积累能力的积极作用和改变从业重心的消极作用两个方面,并发现:从对不同兼业程度农户影响的差异看,外出务工的负向影响的主要作用人群是以非农收入为主的农户;而对于以务农收入为主的农户,劳动力外出务工会促进其采用可持续农业技术。因此,促进农业生产要素流动,释放要素生产潜力,帮助以务农收入为主的农户积累能力,是推广和普及可持续农业技术的有效途径。Based on the survey data of“Rural Labor Mobility”in Shandong and Henan provinces in 2016,this article analyzes the effects of labor migration on sustainable agricultural technology adoption decisions of farmers.The results show that families having migrant workers are less likely to adopt sustainable agricultural technology(16.1%).The negative effect remains significant after controlling for endogeneity by using a CMP method with instrumental variables is made and a robustness test is conducted.The study makes a distinction between farmers having varied degrees of part-time non-agricultural employment based on their main income source and working distance,and indirectly verifies that labor migration affects the adoption of sustainable agricultural technology.The study further reveals that a negative effect of labor migration exists for the part-time farmers whose income mainly comes from non-farming activities.For those whose income mainly is generated from farming activities,labor migration has a positive effect on sustainable agricultural technology adoption.Therefore,releasing the potential of agricultural production elements and enhancing the capabilities of farmers whose income mainly is generated from farming can be effective methods to promote sustainable agricultural technology adoption.

关 键 词：外出务工 兼业程度 可持续农业技术 CMP估计法 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]