乡村振兴战略视域下我国农业劳动力问题及其破解路径研究  

A Study on the Problems of Agricultural Labor Force and Its Solution Path in China from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization Strategy

作　　者：龚立新 GONG Lixin(Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院研究生院,北京100732

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第5期42-47,共6页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：河南省政府决策研究招标课题(2017B239);河南省科技厅软科学研究项目(182400410238)

摘　　要：拥有数量充足、素质较高的农业劳动力是实现乡村振兴的重要保证。近年来,由于比较收益低引致的农业劳动力短缺问题逐步显现;与此同时,人口老龄化加速与受教育程度提升缓慢使得农业劳动力质量问题愈发突出。这种状况会从多个方面影响乡村振兴战略的实施,具体表现为:非"休耕"的土地撂荒现象严重,威胁国家粮食安全;农田水利设施投工不足,削弱农业生产能力基础;农产品品质下降,不利于农业提质增效;土地适度规模经营困难,影响农业现代化进程。促进乡村振兴的农业劳动力问题破解路径是:加快培育新型农业经营主体,引导必要劳动力在农村内部转移;实施新型职业农民培育工程,造就更多乡土人才;以乡情乡愁为纽带,吸引社会各界投身于乡村振兴事业。Having sufficient quantity and high quality agricultural labor force is an important guarantee to realize rural revitalization.In recent years,the problem of shortage of agricultural labor caused by low comparative income has gradually appeared.At the same time,the accelerated aging and slow increase of education make the quality of agricultural labor more prominent.This situation will affect the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy from many aspects,which can be reflected as follows:non-fallow land becomes increasingly abandoned and threatens the national food security;Insufficient investment in irrigation and water conservancy facilities will weaken the basis of agricultural production capacity.The quality of agricultural products is decreased,which is not conducive to improving quality and efficiency of agriculture,hindering moderate scale management of land and delaying agricultural modernization.The solution to the problem of rural labor force is to accelerate the cultivation of new agricultural operation subjects and guide the transfer of necessary labor force in rural areas.We will carry out a new type of training program for professional farmers to bring up more local talents.With homesickness as the link,we will attract all sectors of society to the cause of rural revitalization.

关 键 词：乡村振兴战略 农业必要劳动力 新型农业经营主体 新型职业农民 

分 类 号：F2.351[经济管理—国民经济]