纤维素/壳聚糖共混纳滤膜的制备及其染料脱盐性能研究  

Preparation of CEL/CS blend nanofiltration membranes for dye desalination

作　　者：陈慧娟 纪晓声[1] 陈霄翔 张林[3] CHEN Huijuan;JI Xiaosheng;CHEN Xiaoxiang;ZHANG Lin(Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan,316021,China;Hangzhou Ultrafiltration& Nanofiltration Water Purification Equipment Co.Ltd.,Hangzhou,311243,China;College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学海洋学院,舟山316021 [2]杭州超纳净水设备有限公司,杭州311243 [3]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2018年第4期27-32,共6页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金："973"计划项目(2015CB655303)

摘　　要：纤维素因其优良的机械性能、亲水性和成膜性而成功地应用于纳滤膜制备.但纯纤维素纳滤膜表面呈负电性,对低分子量水溶性染料和Na_2SO_4均具有高的截留率,不利于染料中Na_2SO_4的脱除.将荷正电的壳聚糖和纤维素共混,以离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐(EMIMAc)和二甲基亚砜DMSO为溶剂,水为凝固浴,无纺布为支撑层,采用相转化法,成功制备了纤维素/壳聚糖共混弱正电纳滤膜.结果表明,当纤维素和壳聚糖质量比为1∶1时,制备的共混纳滤膜分离性能最优.该膜在0.5MPa的错流条件下,对直接染料的截留率较高,如刚果红的截留率为99.99%;对活性染料(活性黑5、活性蓝19)的截留率也可达到80%~90%;而膜对无机盐截留率均较低,NaCl和Na_2SO_4的截留率分别在10%和1%以下.上述研究结果表明,该膜可实现染料和盐的高效分离.Cellulose is applied to prepare nanofiltration membrane successfully due to excellent mechanical stability,hydrophilicity and membrane formation property.However,the bare cellulose membrane surface is negatively charged,and then it has higher rejection of low molecular weight water soluble dyes and Na 2SO 4,so the removal rate of Na 2SO 4 remains to be further improved.In this study,a weak positively charged CEL/CS blend NF membrane was prepared successfully via phase inversion method using cellulose and chitosan as membrane materials,ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate(EMIMAc)and DMSO as co-solvents,water as coagulation bath on a non-woven fabric substrate.The results showed that the prepared blend nanofiltration membrane had the best separation performance when the mass ratio of cellulose to chitosan was 1∶1.The membrane had a high rejection of direct dye(Congo red:99.99%)and the retention of reactive dyes were 80%~90%(reactive black 5 and reactive blue 19)under the cross-flow conditions of 0.5 MPa.However,the rejection of inorganic salts were low,such as NaCl and Na 2SO 4 were below 10%and 1%respectively.The above results showed that the membrane enabled efficient separation of dye and salt.

关 键 词：纤维素 壳聚糖 离子液体 染料脱盐 纳滤膜 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]