某难处理氧化铜矿酸浸实验及动力学分析  

Leaching Kinetic of Copper Oxide Ore in Sulphuric Acid

作　　者：代宗 方建军 尧章伟[1,2] 郑润浩 张铃 DAI Zong;FANG Jian-jun;YA0 Zhang-wei;ZHENG Run-hao;ZHANG Ling(State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming 650093,China;Faculty of Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2018年第8期2361-2366,共6页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51364017)

摘　　要：针对以硅孔雀石为主的高结合率、高钙镁难处理铜矿的进行了酸浸动力学研究,考察了温度、硫酸浓度、搅拌强度和矿石粒径对铜浸出率的影响。结果表明:铜浸出率随温度和硫酸浓度的增大而提升,搅拌强度对铜浸出率影响较小,铜浸出率随矿石粒径的减小先增大后减小,这可能是由于原矿钙镁含量高,当磨矿细度过细钙镁充分解离,一旦矿石和硫酸接触,钙镁和硫酸迅速反应消耗大量的酸,导致铜的浸出率降低。采用SEM-EDS和XRD对浸出前后矿样进行表征,结果表明碳酸钙与硫酸反应生成硫酸钙沉积在颗粒表面形成固态产物层,阻碍浸出反应。动力学分析表明该浸出过程受固态产物层扩散控制,反应表观活化能为11.43 k J/mol。This article focused on the leaching kinetic of copper oxide ore.The main copper minerals in a copper oxide mine is conjunction oxidized copper that mainly formed by chrysocolla,and the content of alkaline gangue in ore is very high.The effects of temperature,acid concentration,stirring rate and particle size on leaching of the copper oxide ore are determined.The results show that the leaching rate of copper increases with the increase of temperature and sulfuric acid concentration,stirring rate has little effect on copper leaching rate,the copper leaching rate increases and then decreases with the decrease of the particle size that may be due to the high content of alkaline gangue in the raw ore.When the grinding fineness is too fine that result in alkaline gangue are fully dissociated,once the ore is in contact with sulfuric acid,alkaline gangue and sulfuric acid rapidly react that consume a lot of sulphuric acid,therefore,the leaching rate of copper is reduced.SEM-EDS and XRD are used to characterize the samples before and after leaching.The results show that calcium carbonate reacts with sulfuric acid to form calcium sulfate deposition on the surface of particles to form a solid product layer that hinders the leaching reaction.The kinetic analysis shows that the leaching process is controlled by the diffusion of the solid product layer,and the activation energy is 11.43 kj/mol.

关 键 词：硅孔雀石 结合氧化铜 浸出动力学 表面形貌 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]