低剂量γ射线辐照对斑马鱼胚胎的发育和遗传毒性效应  

Development and Genetic Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo Induced by Low Doseγ-ray Irradiation

作　　者：赵维超[1,2] 胡南[3] 龙鼎新[2] 冯永富[3] 何淑雅[2] 丁德馨[3] ZHAO Weichao;HU Nan;LONG Dingxin;FENG Yongfu;HE Shuya;DING Dexin(School of Environmental Protection and Safety Engineering, University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;School of Public Health,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学环境保护与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南衡阳421001 [3]南华大学铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2018年第9期1695-1703,共9页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国防基础科研项目资助(JCKY2016403C001);国家自然科学基金重点项目资助(U1401231);湖南省研究生创新课题资助项目(CX2016B429)

摘　　要：为研究低剂量γ射线辐照对水生生物的发育和遗传毒性效应,以模式生物斑马鱼为研究对象,采用生物细胞辐照仪对5hpf的斑马鱼胚胎进行不同累积剂量(0.01~1.00Gy)的γ射线辐照处理,分析了胚胎的存活率、孵化率、畸形率和DNA损伤以及发育至150dpf的F1代斑马鱼成鱼的繁殖能力及肝脏、肾脏和脾脏抗氧化酶的活性。结果表明:0.01Gy低剂量γ射线辐照对斑马鱼胚胎存活率和孵化率无显著影响,但畸形率和DNA损伤显著提高;当辐照剂量超过0.10Gy时,存活率和孵化率显著降低。5hpf的斑马鱼胚胎接受0.01Gy低剂量的γ射线辐照后,发育至150dpf的F1代斑马鱼成鱼,产卵量显著降低,且具有剂量依赖性;肝脏的CAT酶的活性显著升高,表明它可能是评价低剂量γ射线辐照毒性效应潜在的生物标记物。This study aimed to investigate the development and genetic toxicity ofγ-ray to aquatic organisms by using the zebrafish,a model organism,as the object of study.Different cumulative doses(0.01-1.00 Gy)ofγ-ray fromγcell irradiation apparatus were used to irradiate zebrafish embryos at 5 hpf.The survival,hatching,malformation rates and DNA damages of the zebrafish embryos,and the reproductive capacities and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione reductase(GR)and peroxidase(GPx)in their liver,kidney and spleen of the adult fishes at 150 dpf developed from the irradiated embryos were analyzed,respectively.The results indicate that the irradiation ofγ-ray with 0.01 Gy has no significant effect on the survival rates and hatching rates of zebrafish embryos,but the malformation rates significantly increase.The survival rates and hatching rates of the zebrafish embryos significantly decrease when the cumulative doses ofγ-ray irradiation are more than 0.10 Gy.After the zebrafish embryos at 5 hpf received 0.01 Gyγ-ray irradiation,the egg laying amounts produced by their adult fishes at 150 dpf significantly decrease in a dose-dependent manner.The activities of CAT in liver significantly increase in the adult fishes at 150 dpf when the zebrafish embryos at 5 hpf are irradiated by 0.01 Gyγ-ray irradiation,indicating that it may be the potential biomarkers for assessing the toxicity of low doseγ-ray irradiation.

关 键 词：发育毒性 遗传毒性 低剂量辐照 斑马鱼 生物标记物 

分 类 号：R811.5[医药卫生—放射医学] TL72[医药卫生—临床医学]