基于槽波的TVSP超前探测方法:可行性研究  

TVSP method for reconnaissance beyond coal roadway based on in-seam seismic waves:A feasibility study

作　　者：蒋锦朋 何良 朱培民[1] 张强[1] 滕吉文[2,3] JIANG JinPeng;HE Liang;ZHU PeiMin;ZHANG Qiang;TENG JiWen(Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球物理与空间信息学院,武汉430074 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2018年第9期3865-3875,共11页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"煤矿灾害事件与地震槽波波场特征示范研究-煤层厚度变异与断裂构造和采空区探测"项目(41130419)资助

摘　　要：针对隧道工程中TVSP(Tunnel Vertical Seismic Profiling)方法不适合于煤矿巷道超前探测的问题,介绍了煤矿巷道中的槽波TVSP超前探测方法原理和实现过程.通过理论和数值模拟证明:(1)当采用垂向集中力源(z方向)激发地震波时,地震波场z分量受到巷道影响较小,且主要为Rayleigh型槽波,较为适合槽波超前探测;(2)采用传播相对稳定且易于识别的槽波埃里相峰值时间代替传统TVSP方法中体波的初至走时时间,能够较准确地确定断层在掌子面前方位置和断层角度;(3)当断层与巷道掘进方向夹角较大时,断层交点位置(断层线与巷道掘进方向的交点)具有很好的定位精度,但角度误差则会较大;当实际断层交点位置距离迎头较远时,断层交点位置定位精度会下降,但角度误差则影响较小;(4)基于槽波的TVSP方法对观测系统要求不高,数据处理过程简单,计算量小.We introduce a TVSP(Tunnel Vertical Seismic Profiling)technique based on coal seam waves to solve the problems of unsuitable application of conventional TVSP technique in tunnel construction to coal roadway.Some concepts are derived from theoretical analysis and numerical simulations as follows.(1)When a vertical force source(z direction)is employed to excite,the z component wavefield is less affected by roadway and the main energy of z component is Rayleigh seam wave which is suitable for reconnaissance beyond coal roadway.(2)The relatively stable Airy phase time in seismograms is used to determine travel time curves of seam waves instead of the arrivals of waves in conventional TVSP,which results in good accuracy of determination of faults.(3)When the strike angle of a fault is large,the determination of fault position(cross point of the fault line with the roadway drilling direction)has a good accuracy,but it is bad in determination of angle;when the fault is very far from the heading face,the accuracy of position determination decreases,but for the angle,it is little affected.(4)The acquisition geometry of TVSP based on seam waves is simple,the processing of data is not complicated and low computational workload is required.

关 键 词：槽波 超前探测 TVSP 扫描 时距曲线 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]