典型燃煤锅炉低负荷及变负荷运行控制特性分析  

Control characteristic analysis of typical coal-fired boilers during low load or variable load running

作　　者：周俊波[1] 刘茜[1] 张华 寇志超 王兴武 李盛平 郭文忠 王明坤 高林[1] ZHOU Junbo;LIU Xi;ZHANG Hua;KOU Zhichao;WANG Xingwu;LI Shengping;GUO Wenzhong;WANG Mingkun;GAO Lin(Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China;Huadian Laizhou Power Co.,Ltd.,Laizhou 261441,China;Huanghe Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054 [2]华电莱州发电有限公司,山东莱州261441 [3]黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《热力发电》2018年第9期34-40,共7页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：中国华能集团有限公司总部科技项目(HNKJ17-H12;HNKJ17-H13)~~

摘　　要：针对燃煤锅炉提升灵活性问题,分别选用亚临界和超临界前后墙对冲燃烧煤粉锅炉以及亚临界和超超临界四角切圆燃烧煤粉锅炉,通过其中3台锅炉低负荷运行摸底试验和1台锅炉变负荷扰动试验,对比分析了4种典型燃煤锅炉低负荷及变负荷运行试验中主要参数的控制特点和调节品质。试验结果表明:不同结构锅炉不投油最低稳燃负荷可达到17%Pe^25%Pe,容量大的锅炉具有更优的最低稳燃性能;主蒸汽压力、主蒸汽温度和再热蒸汽温度均随锅炉负荷降低而明显下降;随着锅炉负荷降低,过量空气系数增加,燃料型NO_x增加量要远高于热力型NO_x减少量,导致NO_x生成质量浓度总体上与锅炉负荷变化趋势相反。To improve the flexibilities of coal-fired boilers,the subcritical and supercritical front and rear wall opposed coal-fired boilers and subcritical and ultra-supercritical tangentially coal-fired boilers are selected as research objects to carry out experiments.Through low load running test of three boilers and variable load disturbance test of one boiler,the control characteristics and regulating quality of main parameters during low load and variable load running of four typical coal-fired boilers are compared and analyzed.The results show that,the lowest load of stable combustion of boilers with different structures without oil can reach 17%Pe^25%Pe.The boiler with large capacity has better performance of steady combustion with the lowest load.The main steam pressure,main steam temperature and reheat steam temperature decrease rapidly with the load reduction of boilers.As the boiler load decreases,the excess air coefficient increases,and the increment of fuel NOx is much larger than that of thermal NOx,causing the change trend of NOx concentration is generally opposite to that of boiler load.

关 键 词：燃煤锅炉 前后墙对冲燃烧 四角切圆燃烧 低负荷 变负荷 最低稳燃负荷 控制特性 

分 类 号：TK227[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]