基于有限元法的汽车盘式制动器蠕动颤振建模与分析  

Modeling and Analysis of Creep Groan in Vehicle Disc Brake Based on Finite Element Method

作　　者：张立军[1,2] 徐杰 孟德建[1,2] 余卓平[1,2] Zhang Lijun;Xu Jie;Meng Dejian;Yu Zhuoping(School of Automotive Studies,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804;Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent New Energy Vehicle,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804)

机构地区：[1]同济大学汽车学院,上海201804 [2]同济大学智能型新能源汽车协同创新中心,上海201804

出　　处：《汽车工程》2018年第8期926-934,988,共10页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575395和U15642007)资助

摘　　要：采用有限元方法研究汽车盘式制动器发生蠕动颤振时的非线性动力学特性。制动钳振动的时域、频域和相图特征的仿真与试验结果均非常相似,验证了仿真模型的正确性。分析发现盘块摩擦副会交替地处于黏着和滑动两种状态,每个周期内的能量转换关系也符合典型的黏滑振动特征,从黏着转变到滑动状态时接触面内各节点存在复杂的状态转化过程。发生颤振时,盘块间切向摩擦力随着黏滑振动周期在最大静摩擦力和滑动摩擦力间波动。制动钳切向振动加速度幅值最大,呈现明显的阶次关系;黏滑振动频率与系统的固有频率非常接近,振型也非常相似,证明黏滑振动与系统固有属性密切相关。Finite element method is used to study the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of vehicle disk brake when creep groan occurs.The simulation and test results of time domain,frequency domain and phase diagram characteristics of brake caliper vibration are very similar,verifying the correctness of simulation model.Analyses reveal that the disk-pad friction pair is alternatively in adhesive and sliding states,energy conversion relations in each period are also consistent with the typical stick-slip vibration characteristics,and there is a complex state transition process in all nodes in contact surface when contact state changes.When creep groan occurs,the tangential frictional force between disc and pad fluctuates between the maximum static friction force and sliding friction force.The amplitude of vibration acceleration is the maximum along the tangential direction of brake caliper and shows obvious order relation.The frequency of the stick-slip vibration is very close to the natural frequency of the system with their vibration mode also similar to each other,demonstrating the stick-slip vibration is closely correlated to the inherent attributes of system.

关 键 词：盘式制动器 蠕动颤振 黏滑振动 有限元法 整车试验 

分 类 号：U463.512[机械工程—车辆工程]