假苍耳不同部位水浸提液对五种十字花科植物化感作用的研究  

A study of the allelopathic effect of extracts from different parts of Iva xanthiifolia on five Brassicaceae species

作　　者：姚树宽 李凤兰[1] 彭丽娜[1] 冯旭[1] 董佳敏[1] 冯哲 张俊峰[1] 赵巧芩 冯珊珊 徐永清[1] 胡宝忠[1,2] YAO Shu-kuan;LI Feng-lan;PENG Li-na;FENG Xu;DONG Jia-min;FENG Zhe;ZHANG Jun-feng;ZHAO Qiao-qin;FENG Shan-shan;XU Yong-qing;HU Bao-zhong(College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;;Harbin University, Harbin 150086, China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]哈尔滨学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《草业学报》2018年第9期56-66,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金子课题资助项目(J1210069);国际科技合作资助项目(2013DFR30270);伊春市科技计划推广与产业化项目(T2016-2)资助

摘　　要：探讨假苍耳根、茎浸提液对萝卜、白菜、油菜、芥菜、甘蓝5种十字花科植物化感效应和作用规律。本试验采用室内生物学测定法,研究不同浓度(10、20、30、40g·L-1)假苍耳不同部位浸提液对5种十字花科植物种子的萌发及幼苗生长的影响,阐明假苍耳浸提液对5种十字花科植物的化感作用及作用机制。结果表明:假苍耳根、茎浸提液对5种十字花科植物发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、根长、苗高、苗鲜重具有显著的化感作用(P<0.05),且5种植物之间存在一定的差异,对萝卜、白菜、油菜总体趋势表现为"低促高抑"的双重效应,而对芥菜、甘蓝表现为抑制作用;不同部位浸提液对5种十字花科植物抑制作用强弱茎浸提液>根浸提液,说明假苍耳茎浸提液中含有抑制5种植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的主要化感物质;随着浸提液浓度升高,假苍耳对十字花科植物化感作用增强。综合化感指数评价结果显示,假苍耳植株浸提液对供试植物种子萌发和幼苗生长均有显著影响。This study investigated the allelopathic effect of extracts of Iva xanthiifolia root and stem tissues on Raphanus sativus,Brassica campestris,Brassica pekinensis,Brassica juncea,and Brassica oleracea.In this study,the effects of different concentrations(10,20,30,40g·L-1)aqueous extract on the germination and seedling growth of the above5Brassicaceae species were studied indoors to elucidate allelopathic effects of I.xanthiifolia on these crops indoors.Significant(P<0.05)allelopathic effects on the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,root length,seedling height and fresh weight were found,and some differences in response among the five tested brassica species.A notable feature of the results were that growth promoted effects on seed germination and growth of R.sativus,B.pekinensis and B.campestris at the lowest treatment rate of10g·L-1I.xanthiifolia extract and inhibitory effects at higher rates,while B.juncea and B.oleracea were inhibited even at the lowest treatment rates.Stem extract of I.xanthiifolia was more potent than root extract,which indicated that the aqueous extract of the stem contained the main allelochemicals with inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedling growth.The results of this comprehensive allelopathy index evaluation,demonstrated that aqueous extracts of I.xanthiifolia exert a strong inhibitory effect on seedling growth of the five Brassicaceae species tested.

关 键 词：假苍耳 浸提液 化感作用 种子萌发 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]