大鳞鲃幼鱼对脂肪的适宜需要量研究  

Optimal dietary lipid requirement of advanced juvenile Barbus capito

作　　者：张媛媛 朱永安 宋理平 ZHANG Yuan-yuan;ZHU Yong-an;SONG Li-ping(Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Shandong Province,Jinan 250013,China;key laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries of Genetics and Breeding of Shandong Province;Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省淡水渔业研究院,济南250013 [2]山东省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室,济南250013

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2018年第5期86-92,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2016GNC110026)

摘　　要：为了解大鳞鲃(Barbus capito)幼鱼脂肪的需求量。试验分为5组,分别饲喂脂肪水平为3.92%(L1)、6.25%(L2)、8.36%(L 3)、10.75%(L4)、和12.91%(L5)的等氮等能饲料,养殖56 d后采样。结果显示:当饲料中脂肪水平从3.92%到8.36%逐渐增多时,鱼体增重率(WG)和特定生长(SGR)显著升高,饵料系数(FCR)明显降低;当饲料中脂肪含量继续增加时,鱼体WG和SGR呈下降趋势,FCR数则相反,且当饲料中脂肪水平为12.91%时,鱼体WG和FCR与饲料脂肪水平为8.36%时差异显著。大鳞鲃形体指标受饲料脂肪水平显著影响,其中,脏体比(VSI)随着饲料脂肪含量的升高而上升,而肝体比(HSI)却呈降低趋势,且当饲料中脂肪水平分别为10.75%和12.91%时,大鳞鲃幼鱼HSI显著低于对照组。饲料脂肪水平对全鱼、胴体和内脏的水分、粗蛋白和粗灰分显著影响较小,但仍能看出当饲料脂肪水平为6.25%时,全鱼的粗蛋白显著低于其他四组;全鱼、胴体和内脏的粗脂肪含量随饲料中脂肪水平的增加而上升,而肝脏中粗脂肪含量的变化趋势则相反,呈下降趋势。此外,以饲料中脂肪含量为自变量,分别以WG和FCR为因变量进行二次回归方程分析可得,大鳞鲃幼鱼WG最大时对脂肪的最适需求量为7.99%,而大鳞鲃幼鱼FCR最小时对脂肪的最适需求量为8.76%。综上可知,大鳞鲃幼鱼对饲料中脂肪的适宜需求量为7.99%~8.76%。The optimal dietary lipid requirement of advanced juvenile was evaluated to obtain the optimum compound feed of Barbus capito.Fish meal,soybean meal and cottonseed meal were used as the protein sources and soybean oil was used as the lipid source to formulate five experimental diets containing different lipid levels of 3.92%(L1),6.25%(L2),8.36%(L3),10.75%(L4)and 12.91%(L5),respectively.Triplicate tanks were assigned to each experimental diet,and 20 fishes were assigned to each tank.An 8-week feeding trial was carried out.The results showed that the weight gain(WG)rate and special growth rate(SGR)of fish were significantly increased with the lipid levels increasing as dietary lipid levels were ranged from 3.92%to 8.36%.The feed coefficient rate(FCR)was the opposite.But continued to increase the protein level,the WGR and SGR were significantly decreased.Meanwhile,the WG,SGR and FCR of this group were significantly different from others group when the lipid level was 12.91%in diet.Viscerosomatic index(VSI)of fish was increased with the lipid levels increasing,whereas,the tends of hepatosomatic index(HSI)was opposite.The HSI groups of fish fed diets with 10.75%and 12.91%lipid were significantly lower than that of the control group.Although little significant difference were observed among moisture,crude protein and crude ash of the whole fish,carcass and visceral,the lowest crude protein was found in fish fed the diet with 6.25%.Crude lipid inthe whole fish,carcass and visceral were increased with the lipid levels increasing,but the tends of crude lipid in liver were opposite.In addition,the regression analysis was carried out according to the WG and FCR.The results showed that dietary lipid optimum requirement of B.capito were 7.99%and 8.76%,respectively.In summary,dietary lipid optimum requirement of B.capito was ranged from 7.99%to 8.76%.

关 键 词：大鳞鲃(Barbus capito) 脂肪 生长性能 体组成 

分 类 号：S963.1[农业科学—水产养殖]