蟹塘套养与温室养殖的中华鳖雌体营养组成的比较研究  

Comparison study on nutritional composition of female Chinese soft-shelled turtle(Trionyx sinensis) reared in a greenhouse and eco-pond for Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

作　　者：龙晓文[1] 吴仁福 麻楠[1] 李才平 吴旭干[1,3,4] 成永旭[1,3,4] LONG Xiao-wen;WU Ren-fu;MA Nan;LI Cai-ping;WU Xu-gan;CHENG Yong-xu(Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Xinyi Jiacheng Ecological Breeding Co.,Ltd.Xuzhou 221400,Jiangsu,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,农业部鱼类营养和环境生态研究中心,上海201306 [2]新沂市佳成生态养殖有限公司,江苏徐州221400 [3]上海海洋大学,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范心,上海201306

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2018年第5期106-112,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：科技部港澳台科技合作专项项目(2014DFT30270);江苏省科技厅苏北科技发展计划项目(BN2013007);崇明县科技攻关和推广项目(CK2015-21,CKT2014-04);农业部现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目岗位科学家项目(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：实验研究了中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)池塘套养与温室养殖的中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)雌体(分别简称"套养鳖"和"温室鳖")的生物学指数,肌肉和裙边中的常规营养成分、氨基酸含量和脂肪酸组成。结果显示:(1)套养鳖裙边指数略高于温室鳖,而套养鳖肝体指数显著低于温室鳖。(2)套养鳖肌肉和裙边中的水分含量显著高于温室鳖,而两种组织中的粗蛋白含量均以温室鳖较高。(3)套养鳖肌肉和裙边中的总必需氨基酸、总非必需氨基酸和总氨基酸含量均显著低于温室鳖;除色氨酸外,温室鳖肌肉中的大部分必需氨基酸分(EAAS)高于套养鳖,而裙边中的所有EAAS均以套养鳖较高。(4)套养鳖肌肉中的C16∶0、C18∶2n6、C18∶3n6、C20∶2n6和C20∶3n3含量显著低于温室鳖,而其C16∶1、C18∶3n3、C20∶3n6和C20∶4n6含量较高;套养鳖裙边中的C18∶3n6、C20∶2n6、C20∶3n6、C20∶4n6含量显著高于温室鳖,而C18∶1n9、C18∶2n6、C18∶3n3、总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸和n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸之比均以温室鳖较高。结果表明,温室鳖肌肉和裙边的干物质含量较高,尤其是蛋白质含量,而套养鳖的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成更优。This study was conducted to investigate the biological indexes,proximate composition,amino acids and fatty acids composition in muscle and soft apron of female Chinese soft-shelled turtles(Trionyx sinensis)from the eco-pond for Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)and greenhouse reared condition(defined eco-pond reared as‘ER’and greenhouse reared as‘GR’,respectively).The results showed that the soft apron index(SI)of ER was higher than that of GR,while the significant higher of hepatosomatic index(HSI)was detected in GR than that in ER.The significant higher moisture and lower protein contents in muscle and soft apron were detected in ER.Total essential amino acids,total non-essential amino acids and total amino acids in the muscle and soft apron of ER were significantly lower than that in GR.Except for the tryptophan,the higher essential amino acid score(EAAS)of muscle was detected in GR,while all the soft apron EAAS in ER was higher than that in GR.The significant higher percentages of C16∶0,C18∶2n6,C18∶3n6,C20∶2n6 and C20∶3n3 in muscle were detected in GR,while the percentages of C16∶1,C18∶3n3,C20∶3n6 and C20∶4n6 in ER were significantly higher than that in GR.The ER had the significant higher C18∶3n6,C20∶2n6,C20∶3n6 and C20∶4n6 in the soft apron,while the significant lower C18∶1n9,C18∶2n6,C18∶3n3,total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio was detected in GR.In conclusion,the GR had higher levels of dry matter in the muscle and soft apron than that in ER,in particular crude protein,while ER had better amino acids and fatty acids composition.

关 键 词：中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)雌体 池塘套养 温室养殖 营养组成 

分 类 号：S966.16[农业科学—水产养殖]