复合菌肥对岷山红三叶生产性能和营养品质的影响  

Effect of compound microbial fertilizer on growth performance and nutritional quality of Trifolium pratense ‘Minshan'

作　　者：武慧娟 张榕 李智燕 姚拓[2] 张洁 谭立伟 周栋昌 WU Huijuan;ZHANG Rong;LI Zhiyan;YAO Tuo;ZHANG Jie;TAN Liwei;ZHOU Dongchang(Grassland Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730010,Gansu,China;College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730010 [2]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业科学》2018年第9期2183-2191,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW-2014-28)

摘　　要：将生长旺盛的岷山红三叶(Trifolium pratense‘Minshan’)根际分离出的溶磷菌与其根部分离的根瘤菌及生防菌共同研制成复合菌肥,连续两年对比菌肥和化肥单一施用以及二者按不同比例配施对岷山红三叶株高、产量、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)等指标的影响,找到最佳的肥料组合。结果表明,75%化肥+复合菌肥组合作用效果最佳,不仅能够有效促进岷山红三叶植株生长,干草产量比单施化肥处理(CK)增加12.95%,还能改善其营养品质,岷山红三叶的CP、EE、Ca、P含量分别较CK提高了18.36%、59.90%、9.23%和21.06%,ADF和NDF含量较CK分别降低了8.62%、7.81%,明显提高了岷山红三叶的相对饲喂价值(RFV)。50%化肥+复合菌肥和25%化肥+复合菌肥组合的效果虽不及前者,但可以大大降低化肥的用量,有利于减轻环境污染,生产中可以根据增产或改善环境目的不同来选择使用;菌肥单一施用虽能改善岷山红三叶的品质,但产草量低,生产中不建议推广应用。To determine the best fertilizer mixing ratio,the effects of different combinations of compound bacterial fertilizer and fertilizer effects on height,yield,stem/leaf,and quality,including crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE),acid detergent fiber(ADF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),calcium(Ca)and phosphorus(P)of Trifolium pratense‘Minshan’were studied in a field experiment for two consecutive years.The aforementioned compound bacterial fertilizer was developed using phosphate solubilizing bacteria,rhizobia and bio-control bacteria isolated respectively from the rhizosphere and roots of vigorous T.pratense‘Minshan.’The results showed that the effect of 75%fertilizer+compound bacterial fertilizer was the best.It not only effectively promoted the growth of T.pratense‘Minshan,’but also improved its nutritional quality and noticeably increased the relative feed value(RFV).Specifically,hay yield increased an average of 12.95%,and the values for CP,EE,Ca,P had an average increase of 18.36%,59.90%,9.23%,and 21.06%respectively,whereas ADF and NDF in T.pratense‘Minshan’decreased an average of 8.62%,7.81%with this treatment compared with that of the CK.The effects of the combinations of 50%fertilizer+compound fertilizer and 25%fertilizer+compound fertilizer on yield increase and quality improvement were lower than the former,but they greatly reduced the amount of fertilizer;thus,reducing pollution of the environment.These three combinations of compound bacterial fertilizer and fertilizer could be used based on different purposes,which either increased production or improved the environment of the production area.Although the application of single fertilizer can improve quality,it decreases yield,such that it is not recommended in production.

关 键 词：复合菌肥 岷山红三叶 化肥 生产性能 品质 干草产量 株高 

分 类 号：S816.11[农业科学—饲料科学] S541.206[农业科学—畜牧学]