液电冲击波在液固介质中的传播观测  

Observation of hydroelectric shock wave propagating in liquid and solid

作　　者：廉国选[1] 胡中韬 王小民[1] LIAN Guoxuan;HU Zhongtao;WANG Xiaomin(Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《应用声学》2018年第5期701-705,共5页Journal of Applied Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委重大科研仪器研制项目(11427809)

摘　　要：冲击波是一种高速瞬态的强烈非线性波动现象,在流体力学和材料力学、国防军工等领域有重要的学术意义和应用价值。冲击波在液体和固体介质中的清晰观测比较困难,但这种研究又不可或缺。该文采用高压电火花放电技术在水中产生厘米级的球形空泡,空泡膨胀后接着收缩崩塌,在极短时间和极小空间内释放出的能量在水中产生冲击波。结合纹影法和动态光弹法,使用高速摄像机和脉冲激光器组成的纹影-动态光弹法冲击波观测系统,可实现冲击波在液固介质中传播过程的高分辨率观测,为进一步研究冲击波的相关理论和应用技术提供了一种实验手段。Shock wave is a kind of extremely fast,strong,and nonlinear phenomenon and its cliffy wavefront is hard to be observed clearly in liquid or solid.However,it has been paid much attention because of the great values in fluid and material mechanics,defense,military or other application.Here a hydroelectric bubble produced by a high voltage discharge spark is recommended as a shock wave source with good repeatability,easy maneuverability and enough safety.During the first end of the bubble’s expand-contract period,it will collapse suddenly within a tiny space and burst an outgoing shock wave spherically.The diameter can reach several centimeters when the cavitation bubble expands to its maximum volume.Depending on the Schlieren method and dynamic photo-elastic principles,a shock wave observation system is constructed with a high-speed camera and a pulse laser together.The new system successfully captures a series of clear snap-shots of shock wavefront propagating in liquid and solid in our experiments.It shows a promising tool for the further shock wave research and application.

关 键 词：液电冲击波 纹影-动态光弹法观测系统 

分 类 号：O426.3[理学—声学]