水稻高群体光合速率品种筛选及其叶倾角特征研究  

Screening of high canopy photosynthetic rate rice varieties and its leaf angle characteristics

作　　者：孔许 徐丽娜 詹俊辉 彭廷[1] 张静[1] 王代长[2] 黄松 赵全志[1] KONG Xu;XU Lina;ZHAN Junhui;PENG Ting;ZHANG Jing;WANG Daizhang;HUANG Song;ZHAO Quanzhi(College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;College of Resource and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464006,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [3]河南农业大学食品科学技术学院,河南郑州450002 [4]信阳农林学院,河南信阳464006

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2018年第4期526-532,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300900;2016YFD0300505);河南省水稻产业技术体系项目(S2012-04-02)

摘　　要：为研究高光合速率水稻品种(系)顶部3片叶片的叶倾角特征,筛选出群体光合速率高、叶片分布理想的65个常规粳稻种质材料,在大田试验条件下,研究了不同基因型水稻品种(系)灌浆期群体光合速率及剑叶、顶二叶和顶三叶叶倾角的差异。结果表明,65个常规粳稻品种(系)灌浆期群体光合速率可分为7大类群。各类群平均群体光合速率表现为第Ⅵ和Ⅳ类群水稻品种(系)群体光合速率最高,第Ⅱ类群水稻品种(系)群体光合速率最低;不同类群品种(系)剑叶、顶二叶和顶三叶叶倾角存在差异,具体表现为剑叶:Ⅴ>Ⅶ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅵ>Ⅰ>Ⅳ,顶二叶:Ⅴ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅶ>Ⅳ>Ⅵ,顶三叶:Ⅵ>Ⅶ>Ⅰ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅴ>Ⅱ。在抽穗后5~10 d,第Ⅳ类群叶倾角大小表现为顶三叶>剑叶>顶二叶,第Ⅵ类群为剑叶>顶三叶>顶二叶;抽穗后10~21 d第Ⅳ类群叶倾角大小表现为剑叶>顶二叶>顶三叶,第Ⅵ类群为顶三叶>顶二叶>剑叶;抽穗后21~28 d第Ⅳ,Ⅵ类群叶倾角大小均表现为剑叶>顶三叶>顶二叶。综合上述结果,筛选出第Ⅳ类群品种(系)香宝3号、R 8018和838-1,第Ⅵ类群品种(系)早丰9号、金世纪和泗稻9号6个品种(系)为株型合理和高群体光合速率品种。To explore the characteristics of leaves angle on top three leaves of rice cultivars(lines)with high photosynthetic efficiency,65 germplasm resources of japonica rice cultivars with high photosynthetic efficiency and ideal leaf distribution were used to analyze differences of the canopy photosynthetic rate,leaf angle of the flag leaf,2nd leaf and 3rd leaf during grain filling stage in field trial.The results showed that 65 japonica rice cultivars could be divided into 7 clusters according to the canopy photosynthetic rate.The highest average canopy photosynthetic rate of the cultivars was presented in clusterⅥandⅣ,whereas the lowest average canopy photosynthetic rate was observed in clusterⅡ.The leaf angle of flag leaf,2nd leaf,and 3rd leaf were significant difference among the seven clusters,which showed in the following sequences:Ⅴ>Ⅶ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅵ>Ⅰ>Ⅳfor flag leaf;Ⅴ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅶ>Ⅳ>Ⅵfor 2nd leaf;Ⅵ>Ⅶ>Ⅰ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅴ>Ⅱfor 3rd leaf.The leaf angle of clusterⅣshowed the sequence of 3rd leaf>flag leaf>2nd leaf,while clusterⅥshowed the sequence of flag leaf>3rd leaf>2nd leaf after 5~10 days flowering;after 10-21 days flowering the leaf angle of clusterⅣshowed flag leaf>2nd leaf>3rd leaf,while clusterⅥshowed 3rd leaf>2nd leaf>flag leaf;moreover,after 21-28 days flowering,the leaf angle of the clusterⅣandⅥshowed flag leaf>3rd leaf>2nd leaf.Therefore,clusterⅣrice cultivars/lines(including Xiangbao3,R8018,and 838-1),and clusterⅥrice cultivars/lines(including Zaofeng 9,Jinshiji,and Sidao 9)were considered as idea plant type with canopy photosynthetic rate.

关 键 词：水稻 灌浆期 叶倾角 群体光合速率 种质资源 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]