马氏体组织对钛制压力容器TA2板材声发射特性的影响  

Effect of Martensite on the Acoustic Emission Characteristics of TA2 Plate Used for Titanium Pressure Vessels

作　　者：李丽菲 沈功田[2] 张峥[3] LI Li-fei;SHEN Gong-tian;ZHANG Zheng(Defence Patent Examination Center,Beijing 100083,China;China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]国防专利审查中心,北京100083 [2]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029 [3]北京航空航天大学,北京100191

出　　处：《压力容器》2018年第8期7-15,共9页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAK06B03)

摘　　要：由于耐蚀性突出,钛制压力容器已广泛应用于化工过程装置,为确保安全,采用声发射技术对其服役状态进行及时、有效地安全评估的前景广阔。针对TA2常见的工程状态,开展了淬火马氏体和焊缝马氏体两种微观组织声发射特性的理论分析和试验研究,通过恒速率拉伸和裂纹扩展监测试验,获得了形变和断裂物理源机制的声发射特性。采用历程分析结合微观观察,证实了α'马氏体团簇的塑性变形和马氏体板条边界的开裂,是拉伸过程中声发射两次增长阶段的主要物理来源;沿马氏体板条间或基体与马氏体边界的裂纹扩展是疲劳裂纹稳定生长过程中的强声发射源,是声发射信号计数率-应力强度因子幅曲线呈现阶梯状上升的物理成因。研究结果为相关材料承压设备的声发射检验提供了经验数据和分析方法,为工程实践奠定基础。Due to the outstanding corrosion resistance,titanium pressure vessels have been widely used in chemical process plants.To ensure safety,acoustic emission(AE)technology is used to assess the safety of their service status in a timely and effective manner.Theoretical analysis and experimental research on AE characteristics of two types of microstructure,i.e.,quenched martensite and weld martensite,were carried out with respect to the common engineering conditions of TA2.Through the constant rate tensile test and crack propagation monitoring test,the AE characteristics of physical source mechanisms of deformation and fracture were obtained.Using the history analysis and in combination with microscopic observation,it was confirmed that the plastic deformation ofα′martensite clusters and the cracking of the martensite strip boundaries are the main physical sources of the two growth stages of AE in the tension process.Crack propagation between the strips or between the matrix and the martensite boundaries is a strong AE source during the steady growth of fatigue cracks,and is the physical cause for steplike rise of AE count rate versus stress intensity factor range curve.The research results provide empirical data and analysis methods for AE inspection of pressure equipment of relevant materials,laying the foundation for engineering practice.

关 键 词：马氏体 拉伸形变 裂纹扩展 声发射特征 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH140.7[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]