芦苇对人工盐碱湿地中Na^+的吸收与转运特征  

Characteristics of Na^+ absorption and transport of Phragmites communis in artificial saline wetlands

作　　者：王晨 谭玲玲[3] 倪细炉[2,4] 李昌晓 李健[1,2] WANG Chen;TAN Ling-ling;NI Xi-lu;LI Chang-xiao;LI Jian(College of Life Science Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;tate Key Laboratory of the Seedling Bioengineering of Ningxia Forestry Institute,Yinchuan 750004,China;College of Life Science Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Institute of Desertification Control,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Yinchuan 750002,China;College of Life Science Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏林业研究院种苗生物工程国家重点实验室,银川750004 [3]青岛农业大学生命科学学院,山东青岛266109 [4]宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所,银川750002 [5]西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2018年第9期1970-1976,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660045);国家国际合作项目(2015DFA90900)~~

摘　　要：以芦苇为材料,通过构建人工盐碱湿地研究芦苇对Na^+的转运特征及Na^+在湿地系统中的分布特征。实验设置4个处理,CK、T1(浇灌100 mmol·L^(-1)的盐水)、T2(浇灌200 mmol·L^(-1)的盐水)及T3(浇灌300 mmol·L^(-1)的盐水),于不同时间测定各处理下芦苇地上及地下部分Na^+与K^+含量,计算Na^+/K^+及二者的转移系数,从而分析湿地盐分对芦苇体内Na^+、K^+平衡的影响及芦苇对Na^+的转运特征;测定土壤及水体中Na^+与K^+的含量,计算去除率,分析芦苇对湿地的脱盐作用。结果显示:与CK相比,高浓度(T3)Na Cl处理使芦苇地上及地下部分Na^+含量最终分别增加了6.09倍和1.61倍,地上及地下部分K^+含量分别降低了26.88%和18.10%。地上部分Na^+/K^+随处理时间逐渐升高,地下部分则相反。CK及T1的Na^+转移系数为0.30~0.86,随处理时间延长而减小;T2及T3的Na^+转移系数为0.51~0.91,随处理时间延长而增加。芦苇对处理组土壤Na^+及K^+的去除率分别为11.0%~13.4%和3.8%~9.8%,对处理组水体Na^+及K^+的去除率分别为42.7%~51.6%和6.8%~74.2%。研究结果表明,盐胁迫会影响芦苇体内的Na^+、K^+平衡,芦苇能有效地吸收Na^+,将Na^+从植物地下部分转运到地上部分。芦苇对湿地具有一定的除Na^+脱盐作用,且高浓度Na^+的存在会影响芦苇对K^+的吸收及去除。The characteristics of both Na^+transport in Phragmites communis and Na^+distribution in a wetland system were investigated by constructing an artificial saline-alkaline wetland.Four treatments,namely CK,T1(irrigation with 100 mmol·L^-1 saline water),T2(irrigation with 200 mmol·L^-1 saline water),and T3(irrigation with 300 mmol·L^-1 saline water),were set up for the experiment.The effect of wetland salinity on the balance of Na^+and K^+in P.communis and its Na^+transport characteristics were analyzed via the variation in Na^+/K^+and the former′s Na^+/K^+transfer factor under different treatments in different periods.The removal ratios of Na^+and K^+from soil and water were calculated to analyze the desalination of wetlands by P.communis.The results indicated that in P.communis treated with high concentrations of NaCl(T3),the Na^+content in the aboveground and underground parts of the plants eventually increased 6.09 and 1.61 times,respectively,compared with CK,while the K^+content in aboveground and underground parts eventually decreased 26.88%and 18.10%,respectively.The Na^+/K^+in the aboveground parts increased gradually while the opposite trend occurred in the underground parts.The Na^+transfer factor of CK and T1 decreased gradually while that of T2 and T3 showed the opposite trend.The removal ratios of Na^+and K^+from soil in the treatment groups ranged from 11.0%to 13.4%and 3.8%to 9.8%,respectively,and the removal ratios of Na^+and K^+from water in the treatment groups ranged from 42.7%to 51.6%and 6.8%to 74.2%,respectively.The above results indicated that salt stress affected the balance of Na^+and K^+in P.communis,and that the plant can effectively absorb and transport Na^+from its underground parts to its aboveground parts.In addition,P.communis had a role in removal of Na^+and wetland desalination,while the presence of a high Na^+concentration had a negative effect on the absorption and removal of K^+.

关 键 词：芦苇 盐碱湿地 Na+转运特征 脱盐作用 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]