“以德引争”:中国古代体育竞赛的秩序关怀及其当代价值——以射礼为例  

"Competing for Morality":The Order Concern of Sports Competition in Ancient China and Its Contemporary Value——Focus on Rite Archery

作　　者：张波 姚颂平[3] ZHANG Bo;YAO Songping(Sports department,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai,201620;College of physical education and health,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200241;School office,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai,200438)

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学体育部,上海201620 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [3]上海体育学院院办,上海200438

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2018年第5期60-65,72,共7页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"儒家秩序关怀背景下中国古代体育竞赛的文化价值研究"(14CTY011);中国博士后科学基金项目(2015M581557)

摘　　要：中国古代的"争"往往与"乱"相连,会破坏社会秩序。在尝试解决"争"的问题,构建和谐有序社会时,中国文化借助"礼"和"德",创造出正面意义上的"争"——体育竞争。本文通过对古典文献的查阅,将中国传统文化中对于"争"的认识进行了梳理。以社会秩序为研究视角,分析了"礼"和"德"等文化观念如何与中国古代体育竞赛产生关联。研究认为:在"礼"的要求中,以射礼为代表的体育竞争被纳入到社会秩序的构建之中;在"德"的指引下,体育竞赛成为"君子之争",提升到了人的精神道德层面,并用于社会教化。"以德引争"式的中国古代体育竞赛,在构建和谐有序的社会秩序层面,仍有极强的当代价值,可与西方竞技体育形成价值互补,具有"立德树人"的教化意义。"Competition"in ancient China is often linked to"chaos"and will undermine social order.When trying to solve the problem of"competition"and building a harmonious and orderly society,Chinese culture uses the means of"rite"and"morality"to create"competitions"in a positive sense---sports competition.Based on ancient literature,this paper reviews the meanings of"competition"in Chinese traditional culture.From the perspective of social order,this paper analyzes how such cultural concepts as"rite"and"morality"are related to sports competitions in ancient China.The study shows that due to the requirements of"rite",sports competition represented by archery rites is incorporated into the construction of social order;under the guidance of"morality",sports competition becomes"competition between gentleman"and is promoted as a moral spirit and used for social education.Sports competitions for moral development in ancient China still have strong contemporary values in the construction of a harmonious and orderly social order.They can compensate for the shortcomings of western competitive sports and have educational significance in"cultivating people with morality".

关 键 词：秩序 礼 德 君子之争 以德引争 

分 类 号：G812.9[文化科学—体育学]