论我国互惠原则的司法改进  

Discussion on the Issue of Judicial Improvement about the Principle of Reciprocity in China

作　　者：丁小巍[1] 王吉文[2] Ding Xiaowei;Wang Jiwen(Institute of Law,Guangdong Police College,Ganzhou 510230,China;College of Law,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]广东警官学院法学研究所,广州510230 [2]江西财经大学法学院,南昌300013

出　　处：《学术交流》2018年第8期79-85,共7页Academic Exchange

基　　金：教育部人文社科规划基金项目"我国统一协议管辖制度的适用问题研究"(13YJA820049);司法部国家法治与法学理论一般项目"国际私法与中国海外权益保护"(16sfb2050)

摘　　要：互惠原则的适用过于强调对等和报复,这使得互惠关系难以启动,从而事实上使得互惠原则成了外国判决之承认与执行的一大障碍。尽管如此,在主权林立的国际社会,坚持互惠原则还是有着一定实际价值的,互惠原则在美国立法中的回归就是很好的例证。我国互惠原则适用中所出现的互惠关系无法启动、互惠形式多样性导致有效性不足、先验性地强调国家利益而形成"囚徒困境"等现实窘况,很大程度上是源于我国法院基于防范心态而坚持的严格立场。所以,应当放弃互惠原则的报复主义心态,并对我国互惠原则加以司法层面的改进。Due to its over-emphasis on the equality and retaliation,the principle of reciprocity is hardly to be applicable to recognition and enforcement among foreign judgments.However,it is of practical value to carry out the Principle in the international community with sovereign countries.A good example remains the principle’s regression in American legislation.In the application of reciprocity,the failure of starting up,the less effective of diverse reciprocity forms and the prior emphasis on national interests,these raise the“prisoner’s dilemma”,and to a large extent,which incur from strict standpoint and precautionary attitude of our courts.Therefore,it is necessary to abandon the retaliation attitude of the reciprocity principle and to enhance its judicial improvement.

关 键 词：互惠原则 外国判决 承认 执行 司法改进 

分 类 号：D997.3[政治法律—国际法学]