3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮自催化分解反应特性与热安全性研究  

Research on Autocatalytic Thermal Decomposition Properties and Thermal Safety of NTO

作　　者：王凯 王俊林[1] 徐东 郭天吉[1] 王伟[1] 涂建[1] WANG Kai;WANG Jun-lin;XU Dong;GUO Tian-ji;WANG Wei;TU Jian(Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天长征飞行器研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《兵工学报》2018年第9期1727-1732,共6页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：通过动态差示扫描量热实验研究了3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮(NTO)的热行为,得到其热分解反应曲线。利用中断回归法、瑞士方法研究了NTO的自催化热分解反应特性,并通过等温实验进行验证。基于NTO的热分解反应曲线数据,采用Friedman法求得其活化能Eα与ln[Af(α)]值随转化率α的变化曲线,并结合热平衡方程计算了其绝热诱导期TMRa.结果表明:在升温速率分别为2℃/min、5℃/min、10℃/min、20℃/min条件下,NTO的起始分解温度为249.4~271.2℃,其分解反应为自催化反应,热履历显著降低了其起始分解温度和峰值温度;在反应不同阶段,NTO具有不同的活化能,其绝热诱导期为8 h和24 h时对应的温度T8和T24分别为166.1℃和152.1℃.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)technique is used to study the thermal decomposition and safety parameters of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one(NTO).The“interruption and rescanning”and Swiss methods are used to evaluate the autocatalytic effect during thermal decomposition of NTO,which was verified by isothermal DSC experiments.The decomposition kinetic parameters of NTO are determined by using the Friedman isoconversional method.The kinetic parameters with heat balance are analyzed and used to estimate the time to the maximum reaction rate under adiabatic conditions(TMR a).The results show that the initial thermal decomposition temperature of NTO is in the range of 249.4-271.2℃at the heating rates of 2,5,10 and 20℃/min,and the decomposition reaction of NTO is an autocatalytic reaction.Thermal history has significant influence on the thermal stability of NTO,where the preheating would decrease its initial thermal decomposition temperature and the peak temperature.T 8 and T 24 of NTO are 166.1 and 152.1℃,respectively.

关 键 词：3-硝基-1 2 4-三唑-5-酮 自催化 中断回归法 瑞士方法 绝热诱导期 

分 类 号：TQ564.3[化学工程—炸药化工] TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]