香榧幼胚发育与胚性感受态之间的相关性  

Immature embryo development and embryogenic frequency in Torreya grandis 'Merrillii'

作　　者：龚丽 胡恒康[1,2] 胡渊渊[1,2] 喻卫武[1,2] 吴家胜[1,2] 黄坚钦[1,2] 张启香[1,2] GONG Li;HU Hengkang;HU Yuanyuan;YU Weiwu;WU Jiasheng;HUANG Jianqin;ZHANG Qixiang(School of Forestry and Biotechnology,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江农林大学省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2018年第5期861-867,共7页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：浙江省公益技术研究农业项目(2016C32015);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02052-12);宁波市科技局农业重大专项项目(2014C11006)

摘　　要：以突破种鳞第8周至第15周种子的香榧Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’幼胚为外植体,研究了香榧幼胚胚龄、生长素等对香榧胚性愈伤组织以及体细胞胚直接发生的影响,筛选出高胚性感受态的香榧幼胚胚龄,并根据幼胚内源吲哚乙酸(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)质量分数检测结果,初步确定了高胚性感受态的香榧幼胚生理特点。结果表明:在SH附加0.1 mg·L^(-1)NAA培养基中培养,第9周幼胚的胚性愈伤组织发生率最高,为48.3%,第10周幼胚的体胚直接发生率最高,为42.7%;而培养于SH基本培养基中的第14周幼胚直接萌发率最高,为65.1%。香榧不同胚龄幼胚内源ABA及IAA质量分数检测结果表明:不同发育时期香榧幼胚的内源IAA及ABA质量分数具显著差异(P<0.05)。其中香榧第8周幼胚内源IAA的质量分数最高,为53.90 ng·g^(-1),随着胚龄的逐渐增加,内源IAA质量分数呈下降趋势,第15周内源IAA质量分数最低,为35.60 ng·g^(-1)。内源ABA质量分数随着胚龄的增加呈先缓慢下降,再快速上升,后下降,其中第15周达到最大值,为160.20 ng·g^(-1)。通过对香榧幼胚离体培养及内源激素的测定,发现香榧第8~12周幼胚具有较高的胚性感受态。该研究结果对维持香榧幼胚高胚性感受态,开展香榧胚性愈伤组织及体胚发生培养条件的优化提供了技术指导。To obtain high embryogenic frequency in the immature embryo developmental stage,immature embryos of Torreya grandis‘Merrillii’from seeds(8 to 15 weeks after ovule breakthrough from the scales)were sampled as explants to optimize the best developmental stage for somatic embryogenesis.Endogenous Indole-3-acetic Acid(IAA)and Abscisic Acid(ABA)of immature embryos were also analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method.Results showed that the embryogenic callus frequency(up to 48.3%)and direct somatic embryogenesis frequency(up to 42.7%)were highest with immature embryos from seeds at 9 weeks after scale breakthrough on Schenk and Hilderbrandt(SH)basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg·L^-1 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA).In vitro germination frequency was highest(up to 65.1%)with immature embryos from seeds at 14 weeks after scale breakthrough.Significant differences(P<0.05)among development stages of different immature embryos were found.With the development of immature embryos,endogenous IAA decreased gradually being highest with immature embryos from seeds at 8 weeks after scale breakthrough[up to 53.90 ng·g^-1 fresh weight(FW)].Meanwhile,endogenous ABA initially decreased followed by a rapid increase with the highest content being 160.20 ng·g^-1 FW for immature embryos from seeds at 15 weeks after scale breakthrough.This study revealed that with immature embryos of seeds from 8 to 12 weeks,embryogenic frequency was high which could help optimize embryogenic callus induction and somatic embryo genesis in Torreya grandis‘Merrillii’.

关 键 词：植物学 香榧 胚性愈伤组织 体细胞胚 内源激素 胚龄 

分 类 号：S664.5[农业科学—果树学] Q945.4[农业科学—园艺学]