两种气氛下乳化炸药热分解特性的对比  

Comparison of Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Emulsion Explosives in Two Atmospheres

作　　者：刘锋[1] 朱帅[1] 邢化岛 张涵[1] LIU Feng;ZHU Shuai;XING Hua-dao;ZHANG Han(School of Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,232001;School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing,210094)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火工品》2018年第4期40-44,共5页Initiators & Pyrotechnics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NO.:51134012);工业信息化部部委拖项目(NO.:安科2015-06)

摘　　要：利用DSC-TG技术测试了乳化炸药在氮气和空气气氛中的非等温热分解过程,用Ozawa法、Starink法、非模型拟合V-W法和Tang法对测试结果进行动力学参数计算,通过模型拟合法推测了乳化炸药在两种气氛下的热分解机理。结果表明:乳化炸药在氮气中的分解和放热更加集中、剧烈,而在空气气氛下分解则比较分散和平缓;分解率在15%～95%阶段,氮气气氛下乳化炸药活化能随分解率的增大呈先增加后减小趋势,空气气氛下乳化炸药活化能基本保持不变,且分解活化能均值高于氮气气氛下活化能均值;氮气气氛下乳化炸药的热分解过程符合Avrami-Erofeev方程,随机成核和随后生长(n=3)机理;空气气氛下,热分解过程符合Avrami-Erofeev方程,随机成核和随后生长(n=4)机理。Non-isothermal thermal decomposition process of emulsion explosive in nitrogen and air atmosphere were tested by using DSC and TG technology,kinetic parameters of test results were calculated through using methods of Ozawa,Starink,non model fitting V-W and Tang,the thermal decomposition mechanism of emulsion explosive under two kinds of atmosphere were speculated through methods of the model fitting.The experimental data and calculation results show that the decomposition and heat release of emulsified explosive in nitrogen atmosphere are more concentrated and intense,while in the air atmosphere,it is relatively dispersed and smooth.When the decomposition rate is between 15%and 95%,activation energy of emulsion explosive in nitrogen atmosphere increases at first and then decrease with the decomposition rate rising,while that under air atmosphere basically remains the same.The average activation energy of emulsion explosive under air atmosphere is higher than that of emulsion explosive under nitrogen atmosphere.The thermal decomposition process of nitrogen atmosphere accord with the Avrami-Erofeev equation,which is the random nucleation and subsequent growth(n=3)mechanism,as well as accords with Avrami-Erofeev equation under air atmosphere,which is the random nucleation and subsequent growth(n=4)mechanism.

关 键 词：乳化炸药 DSC-TG 气氛 非等温热分解 

分 类 号：TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]