钢球平底孔超声直探头接触法检测研究  

Research on Detection for Flat Bottom Holes of Steel Balls by Ultrasonic Straight Probe Contact Method

作　　者：濮海明 王哲[1] 康宜华[1] 华飞 PU Haiming;WANG Zhe;KANG Yihua;HU fei(School of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan China;;Wuhan Huayu-M Testing Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,武汉430074 [2]武汉华宇一目检测装备有限公司,武汉430074

出　　处：《轴承》2018年第9期53-57,共5页Bearing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51275193)

摘　　要：针对钢球内部缺陷的检测问题,对超声直探头接触法进行钢球内部缺陷检测的机理展开研究,并采用人工平底孔作为试验对象及评价方式。首先,探究了钢球回波信号中三角形迟到波的声束传播路径,并找出三角形迟到波的出现位置相对于底波的固定比例关系,避免检测中的误判。然后,对不同深度人工平底孔进行试验,结果表明:直探头接触法可有效检测钢球平底孔,其回波信号的信噪比达到12 d B,且随着平底孔深度的不断增加,回波信号的幅值逐渐增大,回波与底波之间的相对声程可描述平底孔的深度值。最后,通过分析圆盘声源轴线上的声压分布,提出了钢球平底孔回波声压的理论计算方法。For detection of internal defects in steel balls,the mechanism for detecting internal studied by ultrasonic straight probe contact method,and the artificial flat bottom holes are used as test objects and evaluation methods.Firstly,the propagation path is explored for acoustic beam of triangular delayed echo in steel balls,and the fixed proportion relation of appearance position of triangle delayed echo relative to bottom echo is found to avoid misjudgment in detection.Then,the experiments are carried out on artificial flat bottom holes with different depths.The results show that the straight probe contact method is able to effectively detect flat bottom holes of steel balls with 12dB signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for echo signals.Moreover,the amplitude of echo signals increases with the increase of depth of flat bottom holes.The depth of flat bottom holes is described path between echo and bottom echo.Finally,a theoretical calculation method for echo sound pressure of flat bottom holes of steel balls is proposed by analyzing sound pressure distribution on axis of sound source of disk.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 钢球 平底孔 接触检测 回波信号 声压分布 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]