紫铜厚板GTAW热裂纹形成原因分析  

Investigation on the cause of the hot cracking in GTA welding of thick copper plates

作　　者：于汉臣[1] 闫涵 栾天旻 范玮[1] 张汇文 YU Hanchen;YAN Han;LUAN Tianmin;FAN Wei;ZHANG Huiwen(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]兰州理工大学机电工程学院,兰州730050 [3]哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司,哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《焊接学报》2018年第8期87-91,133,共6页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

摘　　要：热裂纹是紫铜厚板气体保护焊接所面临的的主要问题,为了找出在紫铜焊接热裂纹中起主要作用的因素,研究了采用HS201焊丝进行紫铜厚板钨极氦气体保护焊接(GTAW)的热裂纹倾向问题,通过在空气中和充氩密闭环境中的刚性拘束裂纹试验的裂纹率,评定了热裂纹敏感性,指出了热裂纹的产生原因,结合填充材料、熔覆金属的高温延性,提出了热裂纹抑制方法.结果表明,热裂纹的形成原因是焊丝脱氧能力较差,导致氧侵入焊缝形成的Cu元素和铜的低熔共晶,在一次结晶的柱状晶晶界处偏聚,低熔共晶在应力下开裂.Hot cracking has become one of the main problems in GTA welding of thick copper plates.To find the dominant factors influencing the hot cracking,the hot cracking tendency of thick copper plate GTA welding with HS201 wire was investigated.The sensitivity was evaluated by the rigid restraint cracking test in air and an argon atmosphere.Combined with the test results of the high temperature ductility of the HS201 filler metal and deposited metal.The main cause and the corresponding inhibition measure of the hot cracks were revealed.Results indicate that,the main cause of the hot cracks were due to the poor deoxidizing capacity of the HS201 wire.Oxygen invaded the weld pool,forming low melting eutectic of Cu20 and Cu.The eutectic segregated at the crystalline columnar crystal boundary,which cracked under stress.

关 键 词：紫铜 热裂纹 气体保护电弧焊 

分 类 号：TG444.74[金属学及工艺—焊接]