水压式玉米幼胚提取装置的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment on Hydraulic Maize Immature Embryo Extractor

作　　者：王玲[1] 张博洋 胡彦民[2] 田辉[1] WANG Ling;ZHANG Boyang;HU Yanmin;TIAN Hui(Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Agricultural College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第9期156-160,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(15A416001);河南省科技发展计划项目(132300410345);河南省科技攻关项目(182102110250)

摘　　要：为提高玉米幼胚提取的效率和自动化程度,改进现阶段玉米幼胚提取装置不易操作和效率低的缺点,设计了一种水压式玉米幼胚提取装置。试验中发现,用水流冲击已去除种皮的玉米胚和胚乳,可以分离玉米幼胚和胚乳,再通过分级筛选提高幼胚的提取纯度。对提胚装置进行了结构设计和单片机智能同步系统设计。最后在样机上进行了玉米幼胚提取的试验,正交试验和单因素试验结果表明:在脱胚压强0. 30~0. 40 MPa、脱胚距离50~60 mm、脱胚时间12 s条件下,装置的幼胚实际脱胚率达到90%以上,满足装置的设计要求。In order to improve the efficiency and automation of maize immature embryo extraction and overcome the drawbacks of low efficiency and difficult operation,a hydraulic maize immature embryo extractor was designed It was found that the embryo and endosperm could be separated from corn with seed coat removed by hydraulic action,and the purity of immature embryo could be improved by level screening.The structure and intelligent synchronization system of single-chip microcomputer were designed.Finally,the experiment of maize immature embryo extraction was carried out on the prototype.The results of orthogonal experiment and single factor test showed that under the hydraulic pressure of 0.30-0.40 MPa,hydraulic distance of 50-60 mm and extraction time of 12 seconds,the actual extraction rate of immature embryos was more than 90%,which can meet the design requirements of the device.

关 键 词：水压式 玉米幼胚 提取装置 脱胚率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S226.9