脂肪酸咪唑啉季铵盐在海水中的摩擦学性能研究  

Synthesis and Tribological Properties of Fatty Acid Imidazoline Ammonium Salt in Simulated Seawater

作　　者：何忠义 孙新肖 刘坚 熊丽萍 HE Zhongyi;SUN Xinxiao;LIU Jian;XIONG Liping(School of Materials Science and Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学材料科学与工程学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2018年第9期1-6,共6页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21363008;21563012);江西省科技厅项目(20143ACB20003;20162BCB22020);华东交通大学科技项目(15LX01)

摘　　要：用二乙烯三胺分别和油酸和十二羟基硬质酸反应合成2种咪唑啉季铵盐(OMAS,TMAS),用傅里叶变换红外光谱对其结构进行表征;用模拟海水代替水作基础液,用四球摩擦磨损实验机评价2种添加剂的减摩抗磨性能和承载能力,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对磨损表面进行表征。结果表明:当添加剂的质量分数为1.0%时,水基基础液的减摩抗磨效果明显提高;与空白水基基础液相比,含OMAS的水基基础液的最大极压值提高了1倍多,而含TMAS的水基基础液的最大极压值提高了9倍多;TMAS的减摩抗磨及承载能力都优于OMAS,这是因为含羟基侧链咪唑啉季铵盐比含不饱和键侧链的咪唑啉季铵盐的键合或吸附能力强,更易在金属表面成膜。XPS和EDS测试结果表明,摩擦过程中OMAS和TMAS通过摩擦化学反应或吸附在金属表面形成了一层含Fe、N化合物的边界保护膜,提高了水基基础液的减摩抗磨效果。Two imidazoline quaternary ammonium salts,OMAS and TMAS were prepared by diethylenetriamine reacting with oleic acid,twelve hydroxy stearic acid respectively,and their structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Using simulated seawater instead of water as base fluid,the properties of two additives in the base fluid,including friction reducing,anti-wear and carrying capacity,were evaluated by a four ball tribotester.The worn surface was characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy spectrum(EDS)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)test.The results show that the effect of friction reducing and anti-wear of the base fluid is improved remarkably when the mass fraction of the additives is 1.0%.Compared with the base fluid,the bearing capacity of the base fluid containing OMAS is increased by more than 1 times,while the bearing capacity of the base fluid containing TMAS is increased by more than 9 times.The friction reducing and anti-wear,and the bearing capacity of TMAS are better than that of OMAS,which is because that the imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt containing the hydroxyl side chain has stronger bonding or adsorption capacity than the imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt containing the unsaturated bond side chain,which is more easy to form the film on the metal surface.The results of XPS and EDS analysis show that a protective coating is formed on the metal surface by two kinds of additives through friction chemical reaction or adsorption,which improves the effect of friction reducing and anti-wear of the base fluid.

关 键 词：咪唑啉季铵盐 润滑添加剂 减摩 抗磨 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]