内科住院患者生活质量的现况调查及病房管理相关因素对其的影响研究  

Life Quality of Inpatients in the Internal Medicine Department and the Effect of Ward Management-related Factors

作　　者：孙沛 叶贝珠 张萍[1] 程瑶[1] 蒋红卫[1] 孙奕[1] 王乔凤[3] 谢小华[4] Xi Zhu 梁渊[1] SUN Pei;YE Bei-zhu;ZHANG Ping;CHENG Yao;JIANG Hong-wei;SUN Yi;WANG Qiao-feng;XIE Xiaohua;XI Zhu;LIANG Yuan(School of Public Health,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China;Jimei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xiamen 361022,China;Nursing Department of Lingnan Hospital,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China;Nursing Department,the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518037,China;College of Public Health,University of Iowa,Iowa 52242,USA)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北省武汉市430030 [2]福建省厦门市集美区疾病预防控制中心,361022 [3]中山大学第三附属医院岭南医院护理部,广东省广州市510630 [4]广东省深圳市第二人民医院护理部,518037 [5]爱荷华大学公共卫生学院,美国艾奥瓦州52242

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2018年第27期3354-3359,共6页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(NSFC71273098/G0308)

摘　　要：目的了解内科住院患者生活质量的现况及病房管理相关因素对其的影响,为相关政策的制定提供依据和建议。方法 2014年7月—2015年4月,采用分层整群抽样方法抽取全国7个省/直辖市的77家综合医院的4 130例内科住院患者进行调查研究。调查问卷为自行设计,主要包括基础问卷(人口学特征、健康相关行为和家庭因素、病房管理相关因素)和欧洲五维度健康量表(EQ-5D,包括移动性、自我照顾、日常活动、疼痛/不适、焦虑/抑郁5个维度),以EQ-5D评价患者的生活质量。分析内科住院患者的生活质量及病房管理相关因素对其的影响。结果在内科住院患者EQ-5D的5个维度中,"有点困难/很困难"所占比例由高到低分别是焦虑/抑郁(61.6%)、疼痛/不适(56.7%)、日常活动(43.7%)、移动性(32.5%)和自我照顾(28.0%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,配偶的支持/帮助是内科住院患者移动性、日常活动、焦虑/抑郁的影响因素(P<0.05);父母的支持/帮助是内科住院患者疼痛/不适的影响因素(P<0.05);子女的支持/帮助是内科住院患者日常活动的影响因素(P<0.05);兄弟姐妹的支持/帮助是内科住院患者自我照顾、日常活动的影响因素(P<0.05);病房整洁程度是内科住院患者移动性、自我照顾、日常活动、疼痛/不适的影响因素(P<0.05);来病房看望的家人/亲戚人数是内科住院患者移动性、自我照顾、日常活动、焦虑/抑郁的影响因素(P<0.05);来病房看望的同事/朋友人数是内科住院患者自我照顾、日常活动的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论内科住院患者生活质量中最严重的问题是焦虑/抑郁。从医院管理角度来看,改善内科住院患者生活质量应重视病房的整洁,并适当减少来病房看望的家人/亲戚、朋友/同事人数。Objective To understand the impact of ward management-related factors on the life quality of patients in the Department of Internal Medicine in an effort to provide advice and recommendations for relevant policies.Methods From July 2014 to April 2015,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to recruit 4 130 inpatients from 77 general hospitals in 7 provinces(municipalities)in China for the investigation and research.The questionnaires were self-designed and included basic questions(demographic characteristics,health-related behavior and family factors,and ward management-related factors)and the European Five-dimensional Health Scale(EQ-5D,including mobility,self-care,daily activities,pain/discomfort,anxiety/depression).The EQ-5D was used to evaluate the life quality of patients.The impact of ward management-related factors on the life quality of hospitalized patients was analyzed.Results In the five dimensions of the EQ-5D,the proportions of“little difficulty/very difficult”from high-to-low were anxiety/depression(61.63%),pain/discomfort(56.69%),daily activities(43.68%),mobility(32.45%),and self-care(28.94%).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the support/help of spouses was an influencing factor on mobility,daily activities,and anxiety/depression dimensions of hospitalized patients on the EQ-5D(P<0.05).The support/help of parents was an influencing factor on the pain/discomfort dimension of hospitalized patients(P<0.05).The support/help of children was an influencing factor on daily activities dimension of hospitalized patients(P<0.05).The support/help of siblings was an influencing factor on self-care and daily activities dimensions of hospitalized patients(P<0.05).The degree of ward management was an influencing factor on mobility,self-care,daily activities,and pain/discomfort dimensions of hospitalized patients(P<0.05).The number of family members/relatives visiting the ward was an influencing factor on mobility,self-care,daily activities,and anxiety/depression dimens

关 键 词：住院病人 生活质量 欧洲五维度健康量表 医院管理 

分 类 号：R197.322[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]