不同施肥水平土壤酶活性对西藏野生垂穗披碱草生物产量的影响  

Effects of Soil Enzyme Activity at Different Fertilization Levels on Biological Yield of Tibetan Wild Elymus nutans

作　　者：谢国平[1] 包赛很那 王明涛 朱勇 熊晓瑞 XIE Guo-ping;Baosaihenna;WANG Ming-tao(Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College,Linzhi,Tibet 860000)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000 [2]西藏自治区畜牧科学研究所,西藏拉萨850000 [3]西藏阿里地区农牧业科研与技术推广中心,西藏阿里859000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第27期149-153,162,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(ZRKX2018000064);西藏自治区科技厅重点项目(2017ZDKJZC-15)

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同施肥水平土壤酶活性对西藏野生垂穗披碱草生物产量的影响。[方法]在西藏拉萨河谷塔杰试验点,通过连续3年对西藏野生垂穗披碱草人工草地不同时期的土壤酶活性水平、生物产量进行取样观测,研究土壤中酶活性对西藏野生垂穗披碱草生物产量的影响。[结果]施肥处理T1、T2、T3、T4、T5均有助于提高土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,均显著增加土壤纤维素酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶的活性;土壤酶活性与牧草生物产量在不同生长期差异显著,在开花期之前各施肥处理土壤纤维素酶、脲酶、蛋白酶的活性与牧草生物产量呈正相关,之后略有下降呈负相关,但土壤磷酸酶活性则在抽穗期之前与牧草生物产量呈正相关,之后略有下降呈负相关; T3处理显著增加土壤养分含量、酶活性,且牧草产量达到最高,远高于其他5个处理;各施肥处理效应表现为T3>T2> T5>T4>T1>CK。[结论]在建植人工草地时,通过施肥增加土壤酶活性,是提高西藏野生垂穗披碱草生长性能和增加产量的有效途径。[Objective]To study the effects of soil enzyme activity on the biological yield of Tibetan wild Elymus nutans at different fertilization levels.[Method]Through sampling and observation of soil enzyme activity level and biological yield in Tibet’s wild Elymus nutans artificial grassland in the Tibetan Lhasa river valley for three consecutive years,the effects of soil enzyme activity on the yield of Tibetan wild Elymus nutans were studied.[Result]Compared with CK(no fertilization),T 1,T 2,T 3,T 4 and T 5 treatment contributed to the improvement of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,effective phosphorus,and available potassium content,and significantly increased the activity of soil cellulase,urease,protease,and phosphatase.The activity of cellulase,urease,and protease in soil treated with fertilizer before flowering was positively correlated with the biological yield of pasture,and then the decrease was slightly negative.However,soil phosphatase activity was positively correlated with pasture biological yield prior to spikelets,and then slightly decreased negatively.T 3 treatment significantly increased soil nutrient content,enzyme activity,and pasture yield reached the highest,much higher than the other five treatments.The order of effect of each fertilization treatment was T 3>T 2>T 5>T 4>T 1>CK.[Conclusion]Soil enzyme activity can not only reflect the differences in soil fertility levels of plants,but also serve as a basic indicator for evaluating soil fertility in grasslands.Based on this,it can be used to improve yield by adopting reasonable agricultural technology measures.

关 键 词：施肥水平 土壤酶活性 西藏野生垂穗披碱草 生物产量 影响 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学]